بررسی اثر سالیسیلیک اسید در جلوگیری از آسیب سرما در گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی (Lycopersicun esculentum cv. Messina)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 1، دوره 31، شماره 3، آذر 1396، صفحه 517-532   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v31i3.51793

نویسندگان

حنیفه سید حاجی زاده^* ؛ شهلا صفخانی

دانشگاه مراغه

چکیده

سرما یکی از عوامل محدود کننده در تولید گوجه فرنگی محسوب می‌شود. تحمل به سرما در طی انبارداری یکی از شاخصه های مهم نگهداری محصولات باغی به شمار می‌رود. در این راستا آزمایش فاکتوریل برپایه طرح کاملا تصادفی به منظور اثر تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید در دوره‌های پیش و پس از برداشت روی ماندگاری گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی در دمای پایین انجام شد. بوته‌ها یکبار در مرحله تشکیل میوه با آب مقطر و سالیسیلیک اسید 75/0 میلی‌مولار و بار دوم میوه‌های هر دو بوته در مرحله رسیده کامل با همان غلظت‌های سالیسیلیک اسید تیمار شده (آب مقطر-آب مقطر، آب مقطر- سالیسیلیک اسید، سالیسیلیک اسید- آب مقطر، سالیسیلیک اسید- سالیسیلیک اسید) و به مدت 5 هفته در دمای 1 درجه سانتی گراد نگهداری شدند. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که اثر سالیسیلیک اسید در مرحله پیش از برداشت بر روی آسیب سرمازدگی معنی‌دار بود و میوه های شاهد و تیمار شده به ترتیب 66/16 و38/1درصد آسیب را داشتند. بیشترین میزان مواد جامد محلول کل درهفته پنجم و اسیدیته در هفته چهارم مربوط به ترکیب تیماری سالیسیلیک اسید-آب مقطر می باشد که نشان می دهد تیمار پیش از برداشت سالیسیلیک اسید ضمن افزایش خصوصیات کیفی میوه، میزان پرولین و کربوهیدرات و افزایش فعالیت گایاکول پراکسیداز موجب کاهش آسیب غشای سلول شد. بطور کلی تاثیر تیمار پیش از برداشت سالیسیلیک اسید در حفظ کیفیت و افزایش ماندگاری گوجه فرنگی گیلاسی محسوس تر از تیمار پس از برداشت بود ولی با این وجود میوه های شاهد بهترین طعم را نسبت به سایر تیمارها در هفته پنجم داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش سرما؛ گوجه چری؛ عمر انباری و کیفیت میوه

مراجع

1- Aghaei K., Shekari F., and Alimadad A. 2014. The effect of salicylic acid priming on flowering and quality of tomato under drought stress. 2th national congress on medicinal plant and sustained agriculture. 1-14 (in persian)

2- Hafeznia M., Mashayekhi K., and Ghaderifar F. 2013. The effect of salicylic acid during different stages of tomato growh and investigation of quaniti and quality traits of the plant. MS.c Thesis. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources (in Persian)

3- Awad R.M. 2013. Effect of postharvest salicylic acid treatments on fruit quality of peach cv."Flordaprince" during cold storage. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7: 920-927.

4- Asgharia M.R., and Aghdam M.S. 2010. Impact of salicylic acid on postharvest physiology of horticultural crops.Trends in Food Science and Technology. 21:502-509.

5- Ashraf M., and Foolad M.R. 2007. Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress esistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59: 206-216.

6- Bradford M.M. 1979. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of proteindye binding. Anal. Biochem, 72: 248-254.

7- Cag S., Cevahir-Oz G., Sarsag M., and Goren S.N. 2009. Effect of salicylic acid on pigment, protein content and peroxidase activity in excised sun flower cotyledons. Pak. Journal of Botany, 41: 2297-2303.

8- Chen Y.Z., and Patterson B.D. 1988. The Effect of Chilling Temperature on the Level of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Hydrogen Peroxide in Some Plant Leaves. Acta Phytophysiology Science, 14:8-323.

9- Ding C.K., Wang C.Y., Gross K.C., and Smith D.L. 2002. Jasmonate and salicylate induce the expression of pathogenesis-related-protein genes and increase resistance to chilling injury in tomato fruit. Planta, 214:895-901.

10- Ding Z.S., Tian S.P., Zheng X.L., Zhou Z.W., and Xu, Y. 2007. Responses of reactive oxygen metabolism and qualityin mango fruit to exogenous oxalic acid or salicylic acid under chilling temperature stress. Physiology Plant, 130: 112–121.

11- Ershadi A. and Taheri S. 2013. Investigion salicylic acid treatment on spring tolerance to freezing grapes (VitisVinifera) white seedless varieties. To farmers, 15(2); 146-135.

12- Ebrahimzadeh M., Aboutalebi S., Kamelmanesh M.M., and Kavand A. 2012. Effect of salicylic acid on chilling injury and some quantitative and qualitative characteristics Kinnow (Citrus reticulate Blanco. Cv.Kinnow). Journal of Physiology and post-harvest technology products horticultural, l (1): 29-13.

13- Farzaneh M., Ghanbari M., Eftekharian Jahromi A., and Javanmardi SH. 2013. The effect of foliar application of salicylic acid on photosynthetic pigments Osmolytes and eggplant (Solanum melongenal L.). Journal of plant physiological Iran, 32(4): 83-75.

14- Hodges D., Delong J.M., Forney C.F., and Prange R.K. 1999. Improving the thio barbituric acid reactive substances assay for estimating lipid peroxidation in plant tissues containing anthocyanin and other interfering compounds. Planta, 207: 604–611.

15- Huang Y.F., Chen C.T., and Kao C.H. 1993. Salicylic acid inhibits the biosynthesis of ethylene in detached rice leaves. Plant Growth Reglature, 12: 79-82.

16- Hasandokht M. 2012. Vegetable production technology. Publications series. 493pp.

17- Irigoyen J.J., Emerich D.W., and Sanchez D.M. 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Plants Physiology Plantarum, 84: 55-60.

18- Kang G., and Wang C.H. 2003. Salicylic acid changes activites of H2O2 metabolizing enzymes and increases the chilling tolerance of banana seedlings. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 42: 9-50.

19- Kader A., Heintz C., and Chordas A. 1982. Postharvest quality of fresh and canned clingstone Peaches as influenced by genotypes and maturity at harvest. Journal of the American Society for Horticulture Science, 107: 947- 951.

20- Khodary S.E.A. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt-stressed maize plants.International Journal Agriculture and Biology, 6: 5–8.

21- Lau O.L., Liu Y., and Yanh S.F. 1986. Effect of fruit detachment on ethylene ebio synthesis, and loss of flesh firmness skin color, and starch in ripening‘Golden delicious’ apples. Journal of the American Society for Horticulture Science, 111: 731-734.

22- Lyons J.M. 1973. Chilling injury in plants. Ann. Reviwe. Plant Physiology, 24: 445–466.

23- Morris L.L. 1982. Chilling injury of horticultural crops an overview. Horticulture Science, 17: 161–162.

24- Murbach C.M., Arquesand M.O., and Coast M. 2006. Effects of sesonalvariation on the central nervosa system activity of Cimumgratissimuml L. essential oil. Journal of Ethno pharmacola, 105: 161-166.

25- Peyvast G. 2005. Olericulture. Publications possible knowledge. 487pp

26- Raison J.K. and Lyons J.M. 1986. Chilling injury aplea for uniform terminology. Plant Cell Environ, 9: 685–686.

27- Raskin I. 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annu. Reviwe. Plant Physiology Plant Mol. Biology, 43:439-463.

28- Rohi Z., Asghari M., Rasmi Y., and Aslani Z. 2010. Effect of salicylic acid on postharvest quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of kiwifruit cultivars Howard. Journal of Horticultural Science (Sciences Agriculture industry), 42(1): 108-102.

29- Rabii V., and Rahmani S. 2014. Effect of salicylic acid, calcium chloride and heat water treatments based on quantitative parameters, quality and shelf-life, sweet-and-sour pomegranate varieties. College of Horticulture, 28(1): 115-107.

30- Rasteghari H., Tehranfar A., Nemati S.H., and Vazifeh Shenas M.R. 2014. Salicylic acid to harvest pomegranate fruit characteristics and post-harvest cold storage. Journal of Horticultural Science (Agricultural Science and Technology), 28 (3): 368-360.

31- Senaratna T., Touchell D., Bunn E., and Dixon K. 2000. Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plant. Plant Growth Regulature, 30:157-161.

32- Sayyari M. 2009. Improving Chilling Resistance of Cucumber Seedlings by Salicylic Acid. American-Eurasian Journal. Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, 12: 204-209.

33- Srivastava M.K., and Dwivedi U.N. 2000. Delayed ripening of banana fruit by salicylic acid. Plant Science, 158: 87-96.

34- Sergiv I., Alexieva V., and Karanov E. 1997. Effect of spermine, atrazine and combination between them on some endogenous protective systems and stress markers in plants. Acad Bulg Science, 51: 121-124

35- Stewart R.R.C., and Bewley J.D. 1980. Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated aging of soybean axes. Plant physiology, 65: 245-248.

36- Seung K., and Kader A.A. 2000. Preharvest and postharvest factors influencing vitamin C content of horticultural crops. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 20(3):207-220.

37- Soleimani Aghdam M., Asghari M., Khorsandi A., Muradbeygi H., Mohamadkhani N., Mohayeji M., and Hassanpor aghdam, M.B. 2014. Possible mechanisms of salicylic acid to reduce the effects of frost after harvest tomato fruit. Journal of plant research (Journal of Biology Iran), 27(2): 34-46.

38- Sayyari M., Babalar M., and Kalantari S. 2011. Effect of salicylic acid of increased resistance to chilling injuri, antioxidant activity and quality of pomegranate cv. Rabab cold during storage. Iranian Horticultural Science Journal, 42(4): 247-339.

39- Shang H., Cao S., Yang Z., Cai Y., and Zheng Y. 2011. Effect of exogenous γ-Aminobutyric acid treatment on proline accumulation and chilling injury in peach fruit after long-term cold storage. Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry, 59: 1264–1268.

40- Tareen M.J., Abbasi A.N., and Ahmad hafiz I. 2010. Effect of Salicylic acid Treatments on Storage Life of Peach Fruit cv.Flordaking .Chapter 3. 97-206.

41- Wang C.Y. 1994. Chilling injury in horticultural commodities.HortScience,U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350.

42- Wang L., Chen S., Kong W., Li S., and Archbold D.D. 2006. Salicylic acid pretreatment alleviates chilling injury and effects the antioxidant system and heat shock proteins of peaches during cold storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 41: 244-251.

43- Wonsheree T., Kesta S., and Vandoorn W.G. 2009 .The relationship between chilling injury and membrane damage in lemon basil (Ocimumcitriodourum) leaves. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 51: 91–96.

44- ZeinaliYadegari L., Heidari R., and Carapetian J. 2007. The Tnfluence of cold acclimatiom on proline, m alondialdehyde (9MDA), total protein and pigments in soybean (glycine max) seedlings. Journal of Biological Sciences, 7: 1436-1441.

45- Zhang Y., Chen K., Zhang S., and Ferguson I. 2003. The role of salicylic acid in postharvest ripening of kiwi fruit.Post harvest Biology and Technology, 28: 67–74.

46- Zhao D.Y., Shen L., Fan B., Liu K.L., Yu M.M., Zheng Y., Ding Y., and Sheng J.P. 2009. Physiological and genetic properties of tomato fruits from 2 cultivars differing in chilling tolerance at cold storage. Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry, 74: 348–352.