ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گاوزبان اروپایی (Borago officinalis L.) تحت تأثیر مقادیر آبیاری و تراکم بوته

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36، تیر 1397، صفحه 327-339   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v10i2.34695

نویسندگان

محبوبه عبداللهی مایوان؛ سرور خرم دل^* ؛ علیرضا کوچکی؛ رضا قربانی

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد بیولوژیک، گل و بذر گیاه دارویی گاوزبان اروپایی (Borago officinalis L.) تحت تأثیر مقادیر آبیاری و تراکم بوته، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 92-1391 اجرا شد. سه مقدار آبیاری (1000 (I1)، 2000 (I2) و 3000 (I3) متر‌مکعب در هکتار) به عنوان عامل اصلی و چهار تراکم بوته (16 (D1)، 20 (D2)، 67/26 (D3) و 40 (D4)) به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات ساده و متقابل مقادیر آبیاری و تراکم بوته بر روی عملکرد گل، بذر، بیولوژیک، تعداد گل، شاخه جانبی و تعداد دانه گیاه دارویی گاوزبان اروپایی معنی‌دار بود. اثر ساده مقدار آبیاری بر وزن هزار دانه معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد گل به ترتیب در تیمارهای D3I3 و D1I1 با مقادیر 81/0 و 14/0 گرم در متر‌مربع به دست آمد. با افزایش آبیاری به‌دلیل بهبود خصوصیات رشدی، به‌تبع آن عملکرد افزایش یافت، اما افزایش تراکم تا 40 بوته در متر‌مربع به‌دلیل افزایش رقابت درون گونه‌ای برای جذب آب و مواد غذایی کاهش رشد و عملکرد را موجب گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رقابت؛ عملکرد بیولوژیک؛ عملکرد دانه؛ عملکرد گل؛ گیاه دارویی

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