تاثیر محلول پاشی قبل از برداشت کلرید کلسیم و اسید سالیسیلیک بر خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و کیفیت میوه تازه زرشک بی‌دانه

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 32، شماره 1، خرداد 1397، صفحه 61-74  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v32i1.60331

نویسندگان

فرید مرادی نژاد ؛ سارا حسن ‍‍‍‍پور؛ محمد حسن سیاری زهان

دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

زرشک بی دانه با نام علمیvar. Asperma Berberis vulgaris L. یکی از مهمترین محصولات باغی و دارویی خراسان جنوبی است. میوه تازه زرشک دارای آب فراوان و پوستی نازک در مرحله رسیدگی بوده و از اینرو حساس به ترکیدگی و فساد در طی مراحل مختلف برداشت، انبارداری و فرآوری می باشد. از اینرو آزمایش حاضر به صورت کرتهای خرد شده در زمان و در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار و سه تکرار در باغ تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی بیرجند، در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل محلول پاشی پیش از برداشت با اسید سالیسیلیک (1 و 3 میلی‌مولار)، کلریدکلسیم (1 و 2 درصد) و آب مقطر (شاهد) بود. ارزیابی های مختلف در زمان برداشت و در 30، 60 و90 روز پس از نگهداری در انبار سرد با دمای 5/0±4 درجه سانتیگراد و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 85 درصد انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار باعث افزایش وزن تر، حجم، pH، مواد جامد محلول، اسیدآسکوربیک و اسیدیته قابل تیتر میوه زرشک بی‌دانه نسبت به سایر تیمارها شد. همچنین تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک 3 میلی‌مولار باعث کاهش نشت یونی میوه زرشک شد که می‌توان از آن به عنوان یک تیمار مناسب برای کاهش آسیب سرمایی استفاده کرد. تیمار کلرید کلسیم 2 درصد نیز بیشترین تاثیر را بر کاهش افت وزن نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت. تیمارهای شیمیایی کلرید کلسیم 2 درصد و اسید سالیسیلیک 1 میلی‌مولار بیشترین تاثیر را در بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی میوه زرشک بی‌دانه داشتند. بطورکلی محلول پاشی قبل از برداشت زرشک بی‌دانه با اسید سالیسیلیک و کلرید کلسیم موجب بهبود کیفیت و کاهش ضایعات در طی دوره انبارمانی میوه تازه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید آسکوربیک؛ پس از برداشت؛ دوره انبارمانی؛ کاهش ضایعات

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