تنوع ژنتیکی جدایه هایAlternaria alternata عامل لکه موجی گوجه فرنگی در استان خوزستان با کمک نشانگرهای ریزماهواره

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 30، شماره 4، اسفند 1395، صفحه 573-586   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v30i4.42644

نویسندگان

خشنود نوراللهی^* ؛ محسن حسنی

دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

بیماری لکه موجی با عامل Alternaria alternata یکی از بیماری‌های مهم گوجه فرنگی در استان خوزستان می‌باشد. به منظور ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی جدایههای A. alternata نمونهبرداری از مزارع گوجه فرنگی در مناطق مختلف انجام گرفت. تعداد 64 جدایه جداسازی گردید. پس از جداسازی، خالص‌سازی و شناسایی جدایه‌ها، آزمون مولکولی با استفاده از پنج جفت آغازگر ریزماهواره انجام گردید. در نهایت 21 آلل در همه جمعیت‌ها شناسایی شد. میانگین تعداد آلل در هر لوکوس برابر با 2/4 بود. بیشترین و کمترین تعداد آلل به ترتیب مربوط به لوکوس AEM13 با هشت آلل و لوکوس‌های AEM6 وAEM9 با دو آلل بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مولکولی نشان داد که 85 درصد از تنوع ژنتیکی در بین کلیه جدایه‌ها و 14 درصد، به مناطق مختلف جغرافیایی اختصاص دارد. بین جدایه‌ها از مناطق مختلف شباهت ژنتیکی بالایی وجود داشت. شباهت ژنتیکی بالا را می‌توان به مهاجرت ژن یا ژنوتیپ در اثر عوامل مختلف نسبت داد. بیشترین و کمترین تنوع درون جمعیت به ترتیب مربوط به جمعیت شوشتر و جمعیت امیدیه بود. پس از تجزیه دندروگرام داده ها بر اساس UPGMA و ضریب تشابه دایس در سطح 62 درصد، جدایه‌ها در هشت گروه قرار گرفتند. وجود تنوع بالا به علت جهش، نوترکیبی و تولید مثل جنسی می‌باشد. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه برای اصلاح ارقام مقاوم و گسترش روش‌های کنترل بیماری لکه موجی مفید خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شباهت ژنتیکی؛ لکه موجی؛ واریانس مولکولی؛ SSR

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