اثر سطوح مختلف کود اوره و سوپر فسفات تریپل بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی کوشیا (Kochia scoparia) در شرایط تنش شوری

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 34، تیر 1393، صفحه 196-206   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v12i2.39147

نویسندگان

سعید خانی نژاد^{* 1}؛ محمد کافی²؛ جعفر نباتی³

¹فردوسی مشهد

²دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³شرکت فناوران بذر یکتا

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات تولید گیاهان علوفه‌ای در مناطق شور کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه در شرایط آبیاری با آب شور است. در این راستا استفاده از کود‌های شیمیایی می‌تواند به عنوان یک راهکار مفید مورد توجه باشد. به همین منظور مطالعه‌ای به منظور بررسی سطوح مختلف کود اوره و فسفر در شرایط آبیاری با آب شور بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی کوشیا با استفاده از آزمایش طرح های خرد شده به صورت فاکتوریل با سه تکرار انجام شد. کرت‌های اصلی شامل سطوح شوری 2/5 و 5/16 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر از آب آبیاری و کرت‌های فرعی شامل سه سطح اوره با نیتروژن 46 درصد (صفر، 100، 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح فسفر از نوع سوپر فسفات تریپل (صفر، 75، 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند که با آرایش فاکتوریل در کرت های آزمایشی مرتب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تاثیر شوری بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی مورد مطالعه در این آزمایش، معنی‌داری دار نبود. شاخص سطح سبز و شاخص پایداری غشاء با کاربرد کود نیتروژنه در شوری 2/5 دسی زیمنس بر متر افزایش معنی‌داری نسبت به تیمار شاهد پیدا کرد در حالیکه فسفر تاثیر چندانی بر آنها نداشت. در تمامی صفات کاربرد کودها در شوری 5/16 دسی زیمنس بر متر نه تنها تاثیر چندانی بر بهبود تحمل به تنش نداشت بلکه سبب افزایش اثرات سوء تنش شوری نیز شد. از نظر همبستگی بین صفات مورد مطالعه با عملکرد علوفه خشک، تنها شاخص سطح سبز همبستگی بالایی (**71/0r=) نشان داد. به طور کلی استفاده از مقادیر 100 کیلوگرم کود اوره و 75 کیلوگرم کود سوپر فسفات ترپیل توانست بدون اثرات منفی، سبب بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی بررسی شده در این آزمایش شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فلورسانس کلروفیل؛ محتوای نسبی آب برگ؛ عدد کلروفیل متر

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