اثر رژیم غذایی بید آرد بر برخی ویژگی های زیستی زنبور پارازیتوئید آن، Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 30، شماره 4، اسفند 1395، صفحه 709-717   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v30i4.53205

نویسندگان

پریا سلطانی نژاد¹؛ اصغر شیروانی^{* 1}؛ مریم راشکی²

¹دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

²دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان

چکیده

زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae)از نظر فناوری تولید انبوه، وسعت کاربرد، انتشار وسیع جغرافیایی و استعداد بینظیر در سازگاری نسبت به شرایط مختلف اقلیمی، دارای جایگاه ممتازی است و به راحتی روی بید آرد Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lep.: Pyralidae)، پرورش داده می‌شود. به منظور بهینهسازی پرورش انبوه زنبور پارازیتویید، تأثیر رژیم‌های غذایی بید آرد (رژیم I- آرد گندم، سبوس، آرد ذرت، مخمر نان و گلیسرین؛ رژیم II- آرد گندم، سبوس، آرد جو، مخمر و گلیسرین؛ رژیم III- آرد جو، مخمر نان و گلیسرین و رژیم IV- آرد گندم، آرد جو و آرد ذرت) بر شایستگی زنبور پارازیتویید، در دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره نوری 14 ساعت روشنایی و 10 ساعت تاریکی در نسل دوم و چهارم مطالعه شد. بر اساس نتایج، تیمار II، و III، به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین میزان پارازیتیسم را در نسل چهار داشتند. درصد ظهور افراد کامل پارازیتویید در تیمارهای III و II در نسل چهارم نسبت به سایر تیمارها بیشتر بود. به طور جداگانه در هر دو نسل (نسل دوم و چهارم) مورد مطالعه، نسبت جنسی زنبورهای ماده تفاوت معنی‌داری در تیمارهای مختلف نداشت. تیمار II باعث افزایش طول دوره زندگی و نرخ پارازیتیسم زنبور شد که با استناد به نتایج، تیمار II برای پرورش زنبور پارازیتویید T. brasiccae پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آرد گندم؛ پارازیتیسم؛ طول دوره زندگی؛ کنترل بیولوژیک

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