مقایسه شاخص‎های مختلف طیفی پوشش گیاهی برای ارزیابی از دور شاخص سطح برگ گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) زمستانه در مشهد

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 20، دوره 10، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 37، مهر 1397، صفحه 913-934   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v10i3.68724

نویسندگان

سارا اسدی¹؛ محمد بنایان اول^{* 2}؛ محسن جهان³؛ علیرضا فرید حسینی³

¹گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

²گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

³دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

توانایی دقیق و سریع به دست‎آوردن شاخص سطح برگ (LAI) یک جزء ضروری در تحقیقات بوم شناختی است که به درک پدیده تولید زیست توده گیاهی کمک می‎کند. یکی از رایج‎ترین روش‎های تعیین تغییرات مکانی و زمانی این شاخص در مقیاس منطقه‎ای، استفاده از شاخص تفاضل نرمال‎شده بازتابش سطحی (NDVI) است. با توجه به حساسیت کم این شاخص به مقدار متوسط تا زیاد شاخص سطح برگ، این تحقیق با هدف بررسی ارتباط سایر شاخص‎های پوشش گیاهی با شاخص سطح برگ گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) و دقت آن‎ها در برآورد شاخص سطح برگ انجام شد. بدین منظور اندازه‎گیری شاخص سطح برگ در پنج تاریخ از 17 مزرعه واقع در مزارع آستان قدس رضوی مشهد در طول فصل رشد گندم در سال 1394-1393 صورت گرفت. با توجه به طول دوره رشد گندم از تصاویر سری زمانی سنجنده OLI ماهواره لندست 8 به‎منظور محاسبه شاخص‎های پوشش گیاهی (NDVI، DVI، EVI1، EVI2، G1، G2، IPVI، SAVI، TDVI و RVI) استفاده شد. برای انتخاب متغیر برآورد کننده مناسب و مدل‎سازی آماری از روش رگرسیون ساده (خطی، درجه دوم، نمایی) و رگرسیون خطی دوگانه و رگرسیون خطی چندگانه به روش پیش‎رونده و پس‎رونده استفاده شد. در نهایت برای اعتبارسنجی و درستی مدل‌های ارائه شده از سنجه‌های آماری جذر میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE)، میانگین قدر مطلق خطا (MAE)، دقت نقطه‎ای نسبت به مقدار واقعی (E) و ضریب همبستگی (r) استفاده شد. نتایج حاکی از افزایش دقت برآورد شاخص سطح برگ گندم با استفاده از شاخص NDVI و SAVI و توابع نمایی (به ترتیب به 18/1 و 1) نسبت به مدل خطی (به ترتیب 46/1 و 26/1) است. این افزیش دقت به دلیل برآورد دقیق‎تر شاخص سطح برگ در بازه 0 تا 4 شاخص سطح برگ واقعی و مقدار ثابت شاخص سطح برگ شبیه‎سازی در بازه شاخص سطح برگ واقعی 6 تا 10 می‎باشد. لازم به ذکر است که، میزان دقت برآورد شاخص سطح برگ با استفاده از ترکیب این دو شاخص نسبت به مدل خطی هر کدام از این شاخص‌ها افزایش یافته است. هم‌چنین، بالاترین دقت در برآورد شاخص سطح برگ از ترکیب شاخص G2 با SAVI و EVI1 (به ترتیب 03/1، 03/1) به دلیل حساسیت بیشتر شاخص G2 به شاخص سطح برگ متوسط و بالا نسبت به NDVI مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این دقت مدل گزینش پیش‎رونده و پس‎رونده نسبت با سایر مدل‎ها در برآورد شاخص سطح برگ، به دلیل حساسیت بیشتر مدل به شاخص سطح برگ بالاتر از 6، بهبود یافته است (به ترتیب 87/0 و 95/0). اگرچه دقت برآورد شاخص سطح برگ گندم در روش گزینش پیش‎رونده نسبت به تمامی مدل‎ها بیشتر است، اما محاسبه آن نیاز به استفاده از پارامترهای زیادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص سطح برگ؛ رگرسیون چند متغیره؛ شاخص‎های تعدیل شده پوشش گیاهی؛ شاخص تفاضل نرمال‎شده؛ شاخص رشد گیاهی

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