بررسی اثر کلشیسین بر القاء پلی‌پلوئیدی و اثرات آن بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی شنبلیله

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 11، دوره 33، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 127-139   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v33i1.71781

نویسندگان

امیر حسین کشتکار^{* 1}؛ نوشین فلاحی²؛ محمد رضا عبدالهی³؛ حسن ساری خانی³؛ هوشمند صفری⁴؛ ژاله محسنی عراقی⁵

¹دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

²دانشگاه ایلام

³دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

⁴تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع

⁵واحد علوم تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد تهران

چکیده

القاء پلی‌پلوئیدی با استفاده از مواد شیمیایی جهش‌زا یکی از روش‌های به‌نژادی گیاهان دارویی به منظور افزایش قابلیت تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه است. کلشیسین موثرترین ماده شیمیائی جهش‌زا در القا پلی‌پلوئیدی گیاهان می‌باشد. به منظور بررسی تاثیر تیمار کلشیسین بر القاء پلی‌پلوئیدی در گیاه دارویی شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-graecum) پژوهشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه فاکتور کلشیسین (صفر، 05/0، 1/0، 2/0، 5/0 درصد وزن به حجم)، زمان (12، 24،  48 و 72 ساعت) و نمونه (بذر، مریستم ریشه و مریستم انتهایی) در 3 تکرار انجام شد. در این آزمایش اثر کلشیسین بر درصد صفات زنده­مانی، میکسوپلوئیدی و تتراپلوئیدی در نمونه‌های بذر، جوانه انتهایی و ریشه ارزیابی شد. بررسی‌ها نشان داد که بعد از تیمار شاهد بیشترین درصد زنده­مانی مربوط به غلظت 05/0 درصد کلشیسین برای نمونه جوانه انتهایی است و بالاترین درصد میکسوپلوئیدی مربوط به نمونه جوانه انتهایی با غلظت تیمار 1/0 و 2/0 درصد کلشیسین می­باشد. نتایج بررسی­های مورفولوژیکی، سیتوژنتیکی، فلوسایتومتری و بیوشیمیایی نشان داد که نمونه جوانه انتهایی در غلظت 5/0 درصد کلشیسین در مدت زمان 72 ساعت موثرترین تیمار در القاء تتراپلوئیدی در گیاه شنبلیله است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از  GC/MSبیانگر افزایش متابولیت­های ثانویه در گیاه تتراپلوئید نسبت به گیاه دیپلوئید شنبلیله بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

جی سی مس؛ فلوسایتومتری؛ متابولیت های ثانویه؛ موتاسیون

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