بررسی عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد دانه گیاه علف قناری (Phalaris canariensis L.) در پاسخ به سطوح مختلف آبیاری، کود‌های آلی و شیمیایی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 8، دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 39، فروردین 1398، صفحه 123-135   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v11i1.45399

نویسندگان

ویدا ورناصری قندعلی؛ پرویز رضوانی مقدم^* ؛ سرور خرم دل

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر مقادیر مختلف آب آبیاری و مدیریت تلفیقی کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد دانه گیاه علف قناری (Phalaris canariensis L.)، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 93-1392 اجرا شد. رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری در سه سطح (60، 80 و 100 درصد نیاز آبی) در کرت­های اصلی و تیمار‌های کودی در شش سطح (کود شیمیایی (200 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع اوره و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل)، کود ورمی‌کمپوست (6 تن در هکتار)، کود دامی (30 تن در هکتار)، کود شیمیایی+کود ورمی‌کمپوست، کود شیمیایی+کود دامی و شاهد) در کرت­های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد سطوح مختلف آب آبیاری اثر معنی‌داری بر روی تمامی صفات مورد بررسی به جز شاخص برداشت داشت. ارتفاع، تعداد پنجه، تعداد سنبله، تعداد دانه و وزن دانه در بوته، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک، پروتئین دانه و عملکرد پروتئین دانه به طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر تیمار‌های کودی قرار گرفتند. اثر متقابل رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری و تیمار‌های کودی اثر معنی‌داری بر صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد پنجه در بوته داشت. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته در تیمار آبیاری 80 درصد نیاز آبی + کود ورمی‌کمپوست و بیشترین تعداد پنجه در بوته در تیمار آبیاری 100 درصد نیاز آبی+کود ورمی‌کمپوست مشاهده شد. همچنین در تیمار آبیاری100 درصد نیاز آبی و 80 درصد نیاز آبی بیشترین تعداد دانه در بوته و بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک مشاهده شد. تعداد دانه در بوته و عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمار مصرف کود دامی و کود ورمی‌کمپوست بیشترین مقدار را دارا بودند. تیمار‌های کود دامی و ورمی‌کمپوست نسبت به تیمار کود شیمیایی و شاهد عملکرد بهتری داشتند. در مجموع اکثر صفات مورد مطالعه تیمار آبیاری 100 درصد نیاز آبی تفاوت معنی‌داری با آبیاری 80 درصد نیاز آبی نداشت و مصرف کود آلی نیز تأثیر مناسب‌تری بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه بر جای گذاشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کود ورمی کمپوست؛ کود دامی؛ مدیریت تلفیقی کودهای آلی؛ شاخص‌های رشدی

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