تغییرات سالیانه جمعیتی لاروهای پروانه جوانه‌خوار بلوط (Tortrix viridana L.) روی دو گونه بلوط دارمازو (Quercus infectoria Oliv.) و ویول (Q. libani Lindl.) در استان آذربایجان‌غربی

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 31، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 37، آذر 1396، صفحه 420-432   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v31i3.56354

نویسندگان

محمد رضا زرگران^{* 1}؛ محمد جمشیدی²؛ سید رستم موسوی میرکلا¹

¹دانشگاه ارومیه

²فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

یکی از عوامل اصلی تخریب جنگل‌های بلوط، جوانه‌خوار بلوط .Tortrix viridana L است و خسارت زیادی را به این جنگل‌ها وارد می‌سازد. هدف اصلی از انجام این تحقیق، بررسی تغییرات جمعیتی این آفت طی دو سال مختلف و عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن به‌منظور تعیین راهکار‌های مناسب کنترل آفت بود. این تحقیق طی سال‌های 93 و 94 در منطقه قبرحسین با مساحتی در حدود 250 هکتار انجام شد و در چهار جهت جغرافیایی اصلی (شمال، شرق، جنوب و غربی)، ترانسکت‌هایی با فواصل 100 متری پیاده شد. در مجموع، در هر جهت تعداد 30 درخت دارمازو Quercus infectoria و تعداد 30 درخت وی‌ول Q. libani که از لحاظ شکل ظاهری مشابه بودند (جهت کاهش خطای نمونه‌برداری) در هر چهار جهت جغرافیایی اصلی مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفتند. در هر درخت نیز چهار شاخه انتخاب (هر جهت یک شاخه به طول 50 سانتی‌متر) و در هر شاخه از نوک شاخه به سمت داخل، لاروهای آفت شمارش گردید. در هر دو سال، تعداد لاروهای جوانه‌خوار بلوط روی دارمازو بیشتر از وی‌ول بود. تعداد لاروهای جوانه‌خوار بلوط در هر دو گونه بلوط دارمازو و وی‌ول در سال 94 نسبت به سال قبل افزایش چشم‌گیری داشته است که ممکن است با افزایش دما مرتبط باشد. بررسی فراوانی جمعیت لاروهای جوانه‌خوار بلوط در جهت‌های جغرافیایی نشان داد برای هر دو گونه دارمازو و وی‌ول در سال 93 بیشترین و کمترین تعداد لارو به‌ترتیب در جهت جغرافیایی شرقی و غربی و در سال 94 نیز بیشترین و کمترین میزان فراوانی لاروها به‌ترتیب در جهت جغرافیایی جنوبی و شمالی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آفت؛ انبوهی؛ جنگل؛ خسارت

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