اثر محلولپاشی برگی عناصر کم مصرف آهن و روی بر عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی میوه آلبالو (Prunus cerasus L.)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 12، دوره 33، شماره 2، شهریور 1398، صفحه 311-322   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.75654

نویسندگان

مهدی قسمتی^* ؛ فرید مرادی نژاد

دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

آلبالو یکی از محصولات مهم و استراتژیک در منطقه خراسان رضوی است که تغذیه مناسب این گیاه می­تواند سبب بهبود عملکرد ­گردد. در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول­پاشی سه سطح کلات آهن و سولفات روی (صفر، 2 و 4 گرم در لیتر) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی بر برخی از ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی میوه آلبالو شامل وزن تازه میوه، درصد ماده خشک، عملکرد، مواد جامد محلول، اسیدیته، آنتی­اکسیدان کل میوه و کلروفیل a، b و کل، و غلظت آهن و روی در برگ مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد سطوح مختلف کلات آهن، سولفات روی و اثر متقابل آن­ها سبب افزایش وزن تازه میوه، درصد ماده خشک، عملکرد میوه و صفات کلروفیل گردید بطوریکه سطوح 4 گرم در لیتر از کلات آهن موجب افزایش معنی‌دار در میزان وزن تر، عملکرد و کلروفیل ، 4 گرم در لیتر از سولفات روی موجب افزایش معنی‌دار در میزان وزن تر و ماده خشک ، همچنین اثر متقابل این دو تیمار باعث افزایش میزان عملکرد شد. علاوه بر آن مقدار مواد جامد محلول، آنتی­اکسیدان کل و غلظت آهن برگ نیز فقط تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف کلات آهن قرار گرفت که با افزایش سطوح محلول­پاشی صفات مورد مطالعه بهبود یافتند. محلول­پاشی با سولفات روی توانست غلظت روی در برگ را افزایش دهد اما اسیدیته آب میوه تحت تأثیر هیچ یک از تیمارها قرار نگرفت. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف سولفات روی در تمامی صفات کمی میوه آلبالو، نسبت به کلات آهن اثر بهتری داشته است هرچند این مقدار تفاوت چشمگیری نسبت به تیمار کلات آهن نداشت. محلول­پاشی با کلات آهن تأثیر معنی­داری بر صفات کیفی میوه از جمله مواد جامد محلول و آنتی اکسیدان کل داشت علاوه بر این مصرف همزمان کلات آهن و سولفات روی نسبت به مصرف جداگانه آن­ها اثر بهتری بر صفات کمی و کلروفیل برگ درخت آلبالو داشت بطوری‌که بهترین نتیجه از تیمار 4 گرم در لیتر کلات آهن به همراه 4 گرم در لیتر سولفات روی حاصل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آلبالو؛ آنتی اکسیدان؛ آهن؛ کلروفیل

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