ارزیابی تاثیر زمان مصرف باکتری‌های محرک رشد بر جذب عناصر پرمصرف و عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی (L. Solanum lycopersicum)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 11، شماره 2، پاییز 1398، صفحه 383-401  

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v11i2.64681

نویسندگان

پیمان شیخعلی پور¹؛ صاحبعلی بلندنظر ²؛ محمدرضا ساریخانی²

¹دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

²دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر دو روش مصرف کودهای زیستی شامل بذرمال و محلول­دهی پای بوته بر عملکرد، جذب عناصر NPK، شاخص­های کیفی و کمی شامل ویتامین ث، تعداد میوه کل و درصد میوه قابل عرضه به بازار گوجه فرنگی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هشت تیمار و سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. در این آزمایش بذرهای گوجه­فرنگی رقم سوپر چیف به هنگام کاشت در خزانه و نشاءهای گوجه­فرنگی هنگام کاشت در زمین اصلی با تیمار تلفیقی جدایه‌های Pseudomonas sp. شامل (S10-3+S19-1، S14-3+S19-1 و S21-1+S19-1) تلقیح شدند، علاوه بر آن تیمار شاهد بدون تلقیح باکتری و تیمار کود کامل (براساس نتایج آزمون خاک) به منظور انجام مقایسه لحاظ شد. تیمارها شامل T1- تلقیح با باکتری­هایS10-1+S19-1  در هنگام کاشت بذر در خزانه به روش بذرمال، T2- تلقیح با باکتری­هایS14-3+S19-1 در هنگام کاشت بذر در خزانه به روش بذرمال، T3- تلقیح با باکتری­هایS19-1+S21-1 در هنگام کاشت بذر در خزانه به روش بذرمال، T4- تلقیح خاک با باکتری­های S10-1 +S19-1 در هنگام کاشت نشاء در زمین اصلی، T5- تلقیح خاک با باکتری­های S14-3+S19-1 در هنگام کاشت نشا در زمین اصلی، T6- تلقیح خاک با باکتری­های S19-1+S21-1 در هنگام کاشت نشا در زمین اصلی، T7- شاهد بدون کود و تلقیح میکروبی و T8- تیمار کود کامل براساس آنالیز خاک. نتایج نشان داد که اثر زمان تلقیح باکتری‌های فوق بر شاخص‌هایی مثل عملکرد در متر مربع، میزان میوه کل، درصد میوه قابل عرضه به بازار، میزان پتاسیم و ویتامین ث میوه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود و بالاترین عملکرد و میزان میوه کل، درصد میوه قابل عرضه به بازار و میزان پتاسیم میوه در تیمارT2   به ترتیب با مقادیر 9/4130  گرم بر متر مربع و 22/60 ،  18/31 و 7/4 میلی­گرم بر گرم و بالاترین میزان ویتامین ث در تیمار T3 با مقدار 02/7  میلی­گرم در 100 گرم وزن تر میوه بدست آمد. این در حالی بود که سایر صفات اندازه‌گیری­شده در این آزمایش شامل درصد نیتروژن و فسفر موجود در برگ­های گیاه، طول و قطر میوه و درصد ماده خشک تحت تاثیر زمان تلقیح باکتری­های مورد استفاده قرار نگرفت. باتوجه به نتایج فوق می‌توان به مؤثر بودن زمان تلقیح باکتری­های مورد استفاده و نوع باکتری مورد استفاده در این آزمایش به عنوان کود زیستی در بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت میوه اشاره کرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

کودهای بیولوژیک؛ سودوموناس؛ پتاسیم؛ فسفر؛ نیتروژن و عملکرد گوجه فرنگی

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