بررسی واکنش رقابتی 18 رقم گندم(Triticum aestivum L.) با خردل‌وحشی (Sinapis arvensis L.)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 31، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 38، دی 1396، صفحه 581-591   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v31i4.52552

نویسندگان

فاطمه عبدالهی^* ؛ حمیدرضا محمددوست چمن آباد؛ علی اصغری

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

به منظور بررسی واکنش رقابتی 18 رقم گندم در رقابت با علف‌هرز خردل‌وحشی در سال 93-1392 در دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل 18 رقم گندم (البرز، الوند، کرج3، مغان3، MS-81-14، فلات، قدس، نیک‌نژاد، شاه‌پسند، سپاهان، روشن، گلستان، آزادی، کرخه، بم، شهریار، یارواروس و سرخ‌تخم) در شرایط حضور و عدم حضور علف‌هرز خردل‌وحشی رشد کردند. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار به صورت گلدانی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص سطح برگ در ارقام گندم بین 84/0 تا 09/1 متغیر بود. ارقام الوند و بم بیشترین و ارقام البرز، سپاهان، فلات و روشن کمترین شاخص سطح برگ را داشتند. تداخل علف‌هرز خردل‌وحشی درصد پوشش گندم را در مرحله ساقه‌دهی از 46/42 درصد به 28 درصد کاهش داد. تداخل خردل‌وحشی عملکرد بیولوژیک را 5/13 درصد و عملکرد اقتصادی را 26 درصد کاهش داد. میزان افت عملکرد دانه در ارقام گندم متفاوت بود. در رقم روشن افت عملکرد بیش از 40 درصد و در ارقام بم، MS-81-14 و یارواروس کمتر از 15 درصد بود. نتایج این آزمایش می‌تواند در برنامه‌های مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علف‌های هرز مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آلودگی محیط زیست؛ ارقام رقیب؛ تولید پایدار؛ مدیریت علف‌های هرز

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