A Combined Strategy of Entropy and Spatio-Temporal Kriging in Determining Optimal Network for Groundwater Quality Monitoring of Mashhad Basin

آب و خاک

Article 15, Volume 27, Issue 3, July 2013, Pages 613-629   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.26089

Authors

M. Akbarzadeh^* ; B. Ghahraman

Abstract

In geo-statistics, prediction of an unknown value of random field has been performed in specified time and position, using spatio-temporal Kriging. In some circumstances, a suitable covariate increase the estimation prediction. Geo-statistical methods of Universal Kriging (UK) and Kriging with External Trend (KwET) were applied to Mashhad plain water quality data sets. The optimal network to monitor groundwater quality was presented, using Entropy. All wells ranked based on the criterion of Entropy and mutual information. Then, the optimal network was determined based on the percentages of acquired information and relying on the spatio-temporal Kriging. Based on UK and KwET, electrical conductivity (EC) was the best covariate. KwET with EC as a covariate was the superior Kriging method. A network covering 111 wells showed to be as informative as the existing monitoring network with a total of 237 wells.

Keywords

Information theory; Geostatistics; Variogram; Validation; Nitrate; Hydrogeochemistry