Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Morphological Traits, Yield and Yield Components of Three Cultivars of Rice

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

Article 16, Volume 13, Issue 1 - Serial Number 34, April 2015, Pages 146-152   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/gsc.v13i1.28350

Authors

S. Gh Moosavi^{* 1}; O Mohamadi²; R Baradaran³; M. J Seghatoleslami¹; E Amiri⁴

¹Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch

²Payam- nor university of lahijan

³Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branc

⁴Assistant Professor of Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch

Abstract

In order to study the effect of N fertilizer rates on morphological traits, yield and yield components of rice cultivars, a study was carried out in Rice Research Institute of Rasht, Iran during 2009. It was a two-variable factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was nitrogen fertilization at four rates of 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha-1 and the second factor was rice cultivar at three levels of Hashemi, Ali-Kazemi and Khazar. The results of analysis of variance showed that N fertilizer rates did not significantly affect on panicle length, grain number per panicle, 1000- grain weight and harvest index but significantly affected plant height, tiller number per m2, panicle number per m2, grain yield and biological yield. Means comparison showed that as N rate was increased from 0 to 90 kg ha-1, plant height, tiller number per m2, panicle number per m2, grain yield and biological yield increased by 12.7, 27.6, 32.6, 84.5 and 61.6%, respectively. The cultivar significantly affected morphological traits, panicle number per m2, grain number per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and biological yield. The results indicated that cultivar of Khazar had the highest potential of grain yield (3424.5 kg ha-1). In total, application of 90 kg N ha-1 and cultivar of Khazar treatment was better for having the maximum production under the conditions of the current study.

Keywords

Cultivar; Nitrogen; Rice; Yield and yield components

References

1- اصفهانی، م.، س. م. صدرزاده، م. کاووسی و ع. دباغ محمدی نسب. 1384. اثر مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه برنج رقم خزر. مجله علوم زراعی ایران، 7(3):240-226.

2- اخوان، م.، م. سام دلیری، ح. ر. مبصر، س. دستان و خ. روستایی. 1388. اثرات عدم مصرف نیتروژن و تراکم کاشت بر صفات زراعی برنج رقم طارم لنگرودی .مجله پژوهش در علوم زراعی، 545:2-537.

3- تیموریان، م.، م. گلوی، ه. پیردشتی و م. نصیری. 1388. واکنش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سه رقم مختلف برنج در واکنش به محدودیت منبع و مخزن و کود نیتروژن. مجله پژوهشهای تولید گیاهی، 16(3): 66-49.

4- کاظمی پشت مساوی، ح.، ه. پیردشتی، م. بهمنیار و م. نصیری. 1386. مطالعه تاثیر مقادیر و تقسیط کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام مختلف برنج. مجله پژوهش و سازندگی، 75: 77-68.

5- مصطفوی راد، م. و ز. طهماسبی سروستانی.۱۳۸۲. ارزیابی اثرات کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد، اجزاء عملکرد و انتقال مجدد ماده خشک در سه ژنوتیپ برنج. مجله علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، 10(2): 39-31.

6- نحوی، م.، م. اله قلی پور، م. قربانپور و ح. مهرگان. 1384. تاثیر فاصله کاشت و مقادیر کود نیتروژن در برنج هیبرید. مجله پژوهش و سازندگی، 17(66): 38-33.

7- Abou-Khalifa, A. A. B. 2012. Evaluation of some rice varieties under different nitrogen levels. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(2):1144-1149.

8- Bindra A. D., B. D. Kalia, and S. Kumar. 2000. Effect of N levels and dates of transplanting on growth yield and yield attributes of scented rice. Advance in Agricultural Research in India, 10:45-48.

9- Belder, P., J. H. J. Spiertz, B. A. M. Bouman, and T. P. Toung. 2005. Nitrogen economy and water productivity of lowland rice under water irrigation. Field Crop Research, 93:169-185.

10- Cassman, K. G., S. Peng, D. C. Olkd, J. K. Ladha, W. Reichardt, A. Dobermann, and U. Singh. 1998. Opportunities for increased nitrogen use efficiency from improved resource management in irrigated rice systems. Field Crops Research, 56:7-39.

11- Chabra, D., M. Kashaninejad, and S. Rafiee. 2006. Study and comparison of waste contents in different rice dryers. Proceeding of the First National Rice Symposium. Amol, Iran.

12- Chaturvedi, I. 2005. Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa). Central European Agricultural Journal, 6:611-618.

13- Fageria, N. K., and V. C. Baligar. 2001. Low land rice response to nitrogen fertilization. Soil Science Plant Annual, 32:1-9.

14- Jeon, W. T. 2012. Effects of nitrogen levels on growth, yield and nitrogen uptake of fiber-rich cultivar, Goami 2. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(1):131-137.

15- Haefel, S. M., K. Naklang, D. Harnpichitvitaya, S. Jearakongman, E. Skulkhu, P. Romyen, S. Tabtim, and S. Suriya-Arunroj. 2006. Factor affecting rice yield and fertilizer response in rain fed lowlands of northeast Thailand. Field Crop Research, 98:39- 51.

16- He, C. L., M. Z. Liu, and H. H. Jiang, Z. P. Wang, and M. Lian.1992. Study of high yield model of a rice hybrid weiyou 7 Fujian. Agricultural Science Technology, 5:2-4.

17- Koutroubasa, S. D., and D. A. Ntanos. 2003. Genotypic differences for grain yield and nitrogen utilization in India and Japonica rice under Mediterranean conditions. Field Crops Research, 83:251-260.

18- Malakuti, M. J., and M. Kavusi. 2005. Nutrition Balanced Rice. Sana Press, 612p.

19- Mannan, M. A., M. S. U. Bhuiya, H. M. A. Hossain, and M. I. M. Akhand. 2010. Optimization of nitrogen rate for aromatic Basmati rice (Oriza sativa L.). Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 35(1):157-165.

20- Manzoor, Z., T. H. Awan, E. Safdar, R.I. Ali, M. M. Ashraf, and M. Ahmad. 2006. Effect of nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of Basmati 2000. Journal of Agricultural Research, 44(2):115-122.

21- Rao, S. P. 1991. Influence of source and sink on the production of high-density grain and yield in rice. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 34:339-348.

22- Sharma, A. R., and D. P. Sing. 1999. Rice in: Smith D. L., and C. Mamel (eds) Crop yield, physiology and processes. Springer, Berlin, pp.109-168.

23- Talcukdar, A. S. M., M. A. Sufian, C. A. Meisner, J. M. Duxbury, J. G. Lauren, and A. B. S. Hossain. 2002. Rice, wheat and mung bean yield in response nitrogen levels and management under a bed planting system. WCSS, Thailand, 1256-1267.

24- Yoseftabar, S. 2013. Effect nitrogen management on panicle structure and yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5(11):1224-1227.