واکنش سی رقم جو نسبت به پاتوتیپ‌های زنگ زرد جو و گندم در مراحل گیاهچه و بالغ

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 5، دوره 32، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 39، خرداد 1397، صفحه 71-82   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.v32i1.60206

نویسنده

صفرعلی صفوی^*

مرکزتحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل

چکیده

زنگ زرد یکی از بیماری‌های مهم جو در بیشتر نواحی کشت این محصول در جهان بوده و در برخی سال‌ها در نتیجه همه‌گیری بیماری خسارت‌های شدیدی را موجب می‌شود. در ایران نیز این بیماری به دلیل کشت ارقام حساس و یا ظهور پاتوتیپ‌های جدید، در برخی نواحی کشور در حال گسترش است. در این پژوهش واکنش‌های گیاهچه‌ای و بالغ 29 رقم جو همراه با شاهد حساس ارزیابی شدند. واکنش گیاهچه‌ای در شرایط گلخانه‌ای با استفاده از پاتوتیپ‌های (PSH-51،PSH-74 ،PSH-85 وPSH-89) زنگ زرد جو و (6E150A+,Yr27) زنگ زرد گندم ارزیابی شد. واکنش بوته‌های بالغ نیز با دو بار آلودگی مصنوعی در شرایط مزرعه در طی سال زراعی 90-1389 با مایه زنی زادمایه زنگ زرد جو و گندم در حومه اردبیل انجام شد. نتایج ارزیابی واکنش‌ها نشان داد که سه رقم Emir، Asterix و ماکوئی در هر دو مرحله گیاهچه‌ای و بالغ نسبت به تمام پاتوتیپ‌ها مقاوم هستند. شش رقم در مرحله گیاهچه‌ حداقل نسبت به پاتوتیپ PSH-85 مقاوم و در مرحله بلوغ حساسیت نشان دادند. سیزده رقم در مرحله گیاهچه حداقل نسبت به یک پاتوتیپ حساس و در مرحله بلوغ واکنش نیمه حساس تا نیمه مقاوم نشان دادند. ارقام مقاوم شناسایی شده می‌توانند به عنوان والد مقاوم در برنامه تولید ارقام مقاوم جو به این بیماری مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

جو؛ زنگ زرد؛ پاتوتیپ‌ها؛ مقاومت گیاهچه‌ای؛ مقاومت گیاه کامل

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