بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کود اوره و منابع مختلف کود آهن بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی به‌لیمو (Lippia citriodora H. B. & K.)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 45، بهار 1399، صفحه 45-59  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v34i1.78875

نویسندگان

مریم حیدرزاده؛ غلامرضا زارعی ؛ ابوالفضل مروتی

دانشگاه آزاد واحد میبد، یزد، ایران

چکیده

به‏لیمو (Lippia citriodora H. B. & k.) از گیاهان دارویی ارزشمندی است که اسانس آن در صنایع دارویی، غذایی، آرایشی و بهداشتی کاربرد دارد. این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف کود اوره و انواع کودهای آهن بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی به‏لیمو در سال 1396 در باغ فتح آباد کرمان اجرا شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل کود اوره در چهار سطح صفر (شاهد)، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار و منابع مختلف کود آهن شامل عدم استفاده (شاهد)، سولفات آهن 17 درصد به میزان 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار، نانو کلات آهن 9 درصد به میزان 5 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کلات آهن اورتو 8/4 درصد به میزان 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار در نظر گرفته شدند. صفات مورد اندازه‏گیری شامل ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک برگ در بوته، تعداد شاخه، میزان کلروفیل و کمیت و کیفیت اسانس بودند. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح مختلف اوره و منابع مختلف آهن بر کلیه صفات اثر معنی‏دار داشت. تیمار 150 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار بیشترین تأثیر را بر صفات اندازه‏گیری شده نسبت به شاهد داشت. در مجموع استفاده توام 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره به همراه کلات اورتو آهن بالاترین عملکرد کمی و کیفی، محتوای کلروفیل (35 میلی‏گرم بر میلی‏لیتر) و درصد اسانس (3/1 درصد) را ایجاد نمود. همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری بین محتوای کلروفیل برگ‌ها با صفات رویشی و اسانس ملاحظه شد. در ارزیابی کیفی اسانس، 20 ترکیب شیمیایی شناسایی شد که دو ترکیب ژرانیال و نرال اجزای غالب بودند که کمترین میزان این ترکیبات در شاهد (8/33 درصد) و بالاترین میزان این ترکیبات در تیمار 150 کیلوگرم کود اوره همراه با کلات آهن اورتو (9/44 درصد) مشاهده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسانس؛ ژرانیال؛ نرال؛ کلات آهن؛ نیتروژن

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