ارزیابی تحمل به خشکی چهار رقم کلزا (.Brassica napus L) براساس خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 39، مهر 1394، صفحه 583-597   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v13i3.28963

نویسندگان

احد جمشیدی زیناب¹؛ طاهره حسنلو^{* 2}؛ امیر محمد ناجی¹

¹شاهد

²پژوهشکده بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی در مرحله گل‌دهی بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیک، مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه کلزا، آزمایشی، در مزرعه پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی یزد طی سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از گیاهان 7، 12 و 26 روز پس از اعمال تنش انجام شد. آبیاری به‌عنوان عامل اصلی در دو سطح به‌صورت آبیاری معمولی یا شاهد (آبیاری پس از 80 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و تنش در مرحله گل‌دهی (آبیاری پس از 160 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و ارقام (Oise، Triangle، Karun و SLM046) در چهار سطح به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی موجب کاهش معنی‌دار محتوای نسبی آب برگ و هدایت روزنه‌ای در کلیه ارقام مورد مطالعه کلزا گردید، در حالی‌که محتوای قندهای محلول، پرولین و عدد کلروفیل در اثر تنش خشکی افزایش یافت. در بین ارقام مورد بررسی ژنوتیپ SLM046 از نظر صفات عملکرد، وزن هزار‌دانه، تعداد غلاف در بوته، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و هدایت روزنه‌ای به سایر ارقام برتری داشت و در مقایسه با سایر ارقام نسبت به تنش خشکی متحمل‌تر بود. رقم SLM046 بالاترین و رقم Karun کم‌ترین عملکرد (به‌ترتیب با 2553 و 2178 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را در شرایط تنش به‌خود اختصاص دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرولین؛ عملکرد؛ قندهای محلول؛ مالون دی‌آلدهید؛ محتوای نسبی آب برگ

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