ارزیابی توانایی بالقوه ترسیب کربن اندام‌های هوایی و زیرزمینی و پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) در استان خراسان رضوی

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 44، تیر 1399، صفحه 265-279   

نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v12i2.75482

نویسندگان

عبداله ملافیلابی^{* 1}؛ جواد شباهنگ²

¹گروه زیست‌فناوری مواد غذایی، مؤسسه پژوهشی علوم و صنایع غذایی، مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²گروه زراعت و اصلاح و نباتات، دانشـکده کشـاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور تعیین خصوصیات خاک و توانایی بالقوه ترسیب کربن اندام­های هوایی و زیرزمینی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.)، نمونه­برداری به‌روش تصادفی سیستماتیک از پنج نقطه در 25 مزرعه در استان خراسان رضوی در سال­های 1395 و 1396 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. برای تعیین ضرایب تبدیل ترسیب کربن در اندام­های هوایی و زیرزمینی شامل سنبله، ساقه، برگ و ریشه از روش احتراق استفاده شد. میزان انتشار گازهای گلخانه‏ای شامل 2CO، O2N و 4CH با استفاده از ضرایب انتشار محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین محتوی کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، فسفر قابل دسترس، پتاسیم قابل دسترس، وزن مخصوص ظاهری، اسیدیته و هدایت الکتریکی خاک مزارع گندم به‌ترتیب 98/0 درصد، 022/0 درصد، 07/27 پی­پی­ام، 32/341 پی­پی­ام، 37/1 گرم بر سانتی­متر مکعب، 81/7 و 42/1 دسی­زیمنس بر متر تعیین شد. بالاترین و پایین­ترین ضریب تبدیل به‌ترتیب برای سنبله + دانه (0/52 درصد) و ریشه (99/31 درصد) به‌دست آمد. مجموع توان بالقوه ترسیب کربن اندام­های هوایی و زیرزمینی برابر با 25/8 تن در هکتار تعیین گردید که بیشترین و کمترین میزان به‌ترتیب برای ساقه و ریشه با 28/4 و 35/0 تن در هکتار حاصل گردید. مجموع پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی گندم به‌ازای نهاده­های مصرفی و عملیات زراعی 86/8884 کیلوگرم معادل 2CO به‌ازای یک تن دانه محاسبه گردید که بیشترین میزان با 24/8092 کیلوگرم معادل 2CO به‌ازای یک تن دانه به سوخت­های فسیلی اختصاص داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ترسیب کربن؛ پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی؛ ضریب تبدیل؛ مدیریت پایدار

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