1- Askew S.D., and Wilcut J.W. 2002. Ladysthumb interference and seed production in cotton. Weed Science 50: 326-332.
2- Blackshaw R.B., Semach G., and Janzen H.H. 2002. Fertilizer application method affects nitrogen uptake in weeds and wheat. Weed Science 50: 634- 641.
3- Derakhshan A., Siadat S.A., and Bakhshandeh A. 2018. Modeling the interaction of herbicide doses and nitrogen fertilizer on crop and weed biomass production in multiple weed species-wheat interference. Journal of Crop Production 11:169-184. (In Persian with English abstract)
4- Evans S.P., Knezevic S.Z., Lindquist J.L., and Shapiro C.A. 2003a. Influence of nitrogen and duration of weed interference on corn growth and development. Weed Science 51: 546-556.
5- Evans S.P., Knezevic S.Z., Lindquist J.L., Shapiro C.A., and Blankenship E.E. 2003b. Nitrogen application influences the critical period for weed control in corn. Weed Science 51: 408- 417.
6- Ghorbanpour E., Ghaderifar F., and Gherekhloo J. 2014. Effect of row spacing on competition of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Crop Production and Processing 12: 285-294. (In Persian with English abstract)
7- Kim D.S., Marshall E.J.P., Brain P., and Caseley J.C. 2006a. Modelling the effects of sub-lethal doses of herbicide and nitrogen fertilizer on crop–weed competition. Weed Research 46: 492–502.
8- Kim D.S., Marshall E.J.P., Caseley J.C., and Brain P. 2006b. Modelling interactions between herbicide and nitrogen in terms of weed response. Weed Research 46: 480-491.
9- Kim D.S., Marshall E.J.P., Caseley J.C., and Brain P. 2006c. Modelling interactions between herbicide dose and multiple weed species interference in crop–weed competition. Weed Research 46: 175–184.
10- Liphadzi K.B., and Dille J.A. 2006. Annual weed competitiveness as affected by preemergence herbicide in corn. Weed Science 54: 156-165.
11- Moosavi K., Nassiri Mahalati M., Rahimiyan H., Ghanbari A., Banayan M., and Rashed Mohasel M.H. 2004. Seed rate and nitrogen fertilizer effects on wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) competition. Iranian Journal of Crop Science 2: 107-120. (In Persian with English abstract)
12- Ngouajio M., McGiffen Jr. M.E., and Hembree K.J. 2001. Tolerance of tomato cultivar to velvetleaf interference. Weed Science 49: 91-98.
13- O’Donovan J.T., and Blackshaw R.E. 1997. Effect of volunteer barly (Hordeum vulgare L.) interference on field pea (Pisum sativum L.) yield and profitability. Weed Science 45: 249-255.
14- O’Donovan J.T., Blackshaw R.E., Haker K.N., Clayton G.W., Moyer J.R., Dosdall L.M., Maurice D.C., and Turkington T.K. 2007. Integrated approaches to managing weeds in spring sown crops in western Canada. Crop Protection 26: 390-398.
15- Roberts J.R., Peeper T.F., and Solie J.B. 2001. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) row spacing, seeding rate and cultivar affect interference from rye (Secale cereale). Weed Technology 15: 19-25.
16- Saadatian B., Kafi M., Soleymani F., and Ahmadvand G. 2013. Evaluating empirical models to predict yield loss of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in interference with feral rye (Secale cereale). Cereal Research 3: 69-82. (In Persian with English abstract)
17- Werner E.L., Curran W.S., Harper J.k., RoTh G.W., and Knieevel D.P. 2004. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) interference and seed production in corn silage and grain. Weed Technology 18: 779-783.
18- Willenborg C.J., May W.E., Gulden R.H., Lafond G.P., and Shirtliffe S.J. 2005. Influence of wild oat (Avena fatua) relative time of emergence and density on cultivated oat yield, wild oat seed production, and wild oat contamination. Weed Science 53: 342-352.
19- Yaghoobi S.R., Ghalavand A., Aghaalikhani M., and Zand E. 2011. Investigation of herbicide-nitrogen interaction on wheat yield and yield components in competition with Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzl. Iranian Journal of Weed Science 7: 1-18. (In Persian with English abstract)
20- Yenish J.P., and Young F.L. 2004. Winter wheat competition against jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) as influenced by wheat plant height, seeding rate, and seed size. Weed Science 52: 996- 1001.
21- Yin X., Goudriaan J., Latinga E.A., Vos J., and Spietrz H.J. 2003. A flexible sigmoid function of determinate growth. Annals of Botany 91: 361-371.
22- Zand E., Baghestani M.A., Nezam Abadi N., Shimi P., and Mousavi S.K. 2017. A Guide to Chemical Control of Weeds in Iran. Jahad-e Daneshgahi Mashhad Publication. (In Persian)
23- Zarinjoub H., Gharineh M.H., Gherekhloo J., and Elahifard E. 2018. Quatifying the effects of herbicide dose and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) density on wheat and weed biomass production. Journal of Plant Protection 31: 628-638. (In Persian with English abstract)