بررسی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف ارزن تحت دو رژیم آبیاری

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41، فروردین 1395، صفحه 120-132   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v14i1.34969

نویسندگان

ساره مشایخی^* ؛ غلامرضا خواجویی نژاد؛ قاسم محمدی نژاد

دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی عملکرد، اجزاء عملکرد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف ارزن و تعیین متحمل‌ترین ژنوتیپ براساس شاخص‌های تحمل به خشکی تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان اجرا گردید. سطوح آبیاری براساس تبخیر تجمعی از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A شامل سطح اول آبیاری، بدون تنش (50 میلی‌متر تبخیر) و سطح دوم آبیاری، تنش (100 میلی‌متر تبخیر) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف ارزن معمولی و ارزن دم روباهی به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس حاکی از کاهش معنی‌دار همه صفات زراعی تحت تنش خشکی بود. مقایسه میانگین گروهی بین ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف ارزن بیانگر آن بود که ژنوتیپ‌های ارزن معمولی نسبت به ژنوتیپ‌های ارزن دم روباهی برتری داشتند. از بین شاخص‌های تحمل به خشکی شاخص میانگین بهره‌وریMP ، میانگین هندسی بهره‌وری GMP، شاخص تحمل تنش STI و شاخص عملکرد YI همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری با عملکرد در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش نشان دادند و شاخص‌های مناسبی برای شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های ارزن متحمل به تنش خشکی می‌باشند. در این آزمایش اکوتیپ گلباف پتانسیل عملکرد زیادتر و تحمل نسبی بیشتری نسبت به تنش خشکی نشان داد و می‌تواند به‌عنوان اکوتیپ امید بخش در معرفی ارقام جدید متحمل به خشکی به‌کار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارزن؛ تنش خشکی؛ شاخص‌های تحمل؛ صفات مورفولوژیک؛ عملکرد دانه

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