بررسی اثر هورمون‌های سیتوکینین و اکسین و الگوی کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ذرت دانه‌ای (Zea mays L.) در شرایط شور

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 9، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41، فروردین 1395، صفحه 171-184   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v14i1.37305

نویسندگان

داوود دوانی^* ؛ مجید نبی پور؛ حبیب اله روشنفکر

دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

جهت بررسی اثر زمان محلول‌پاشی هورمون‌های سیتوکینین (عدم مصرف، مصرف در مرحله V5-V6 و V8-V10) و اکسین (عدم مصرف، زمان ظهور ابریشم و دو هفته پس از آن) و الگوی کاشت (یک ردیفه، دو ردیفه و کف فارو) بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ذرت دانه‌‌ای (Zea mays L.) در شرایط شور آزمایشی در سال 1392 در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی بوشهر به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید .الگوی کاشت به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و مصرف یا عدم مصرف هورمون‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌های اکسین و سیتوکینین به‌صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‌های فرعی بررسی گردید. اثر الگوی کاشت بر ارتفاع بوته، طول و قطر بلال، تعداد ردیف دانه، تعداد دانه در ردیف، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با کشت کف فارو با 55/7 و کمترین آن با کشت معمول با 09/4 تن در هکتار بود. از نظر ارتفاع بوته و تعداد ردیف دانه برتری با زمان مصرف 8 تا 10 برگی بود ولی وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت در زمان مصرف 5 تا 6 برگی حداکثر بود. بیشترین تعداد دانه در ردیف بدون مصرف سیتوکینین به‌دست آمد. اثر اکسین روی وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت در سطح 1% معنی‌دار گردید و بیشترین عملکرد دانه با زمان مصرف ظهور ابریشم به‌دست آمد. به‌طور کلی با کاشت کف فارو و مصرف سیتوکینین در مرحله 8 تا 10 برگی و مصرف اکسین در زمان ظهور ابریشم به‌ترتیب با غلظت 50 و 10 گرم در لیتر اثرات شوری بر گیاه کاهش یافته و عملکرد دانه افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کاشت کف فارو؛ محلول‌پاشی؛ مرحله رشد

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