تأثیر سیلیکون روی برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و عملکرد سورگوم دانه‌ای (Sorghum bicolor L.) تحت تنش شوری

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 14، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 43، مهر 1395، صفحه 503-513   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v14i3.45835

نویسندگان

سیما حسیبی؛ حسن فرحبخش^* ؛ غلامرضا خواجویی نژاد

دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

امروزه شوری خاک از جمله مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیر‌زیستی است، که به‌عنوان یک مشکل عمده در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک مطرح می‌باشد. از این‌رو به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سیلیکون در جهت افزایش تحمل به شوری سورگوم دانه‌ای، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خُرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو شرایط تنش شوری و نرمال در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهید‌باهنر‌ کرمان در سال زراعی 93-1392 به‌اجرا درآمد. عامل اصلی شامل سیلیسیم در دو سطح (صفر و شش میلی‌مولار) و عامل فرعی شامل ژنوتیپ‌ها (ارقام سپیده، پیام و لاین‌های TN-04-95، TN-4-70، TN-04-71، TN-04-39، TN-04-107، TN-04-100، TN-04-37، TN-04-68، TN-04-83، TN-04-62) بود. نتایج تجزیه مرکب نشان‌داد که سیلیسیم به‌طور معنی‌دار عملکرد دانه، وزن 1000دانه و نفوذپذیری غشاء پلاسمایی را تحت شرایط تنش شوری بهبود بخشید. بیش‌ترین میزان عملکرد در شرایط تنش شوری از ارقام سپیده و پیام حاصل شد. نتایج نشان‌داد که ژنوتیپ‌های پیام و TN-04-39 به‌ترتیب مقاوم‌ترین و حساس‌ترین ژنوتیپ‌ها بودند. به‌طور کلی، می‌توان گفت که سیلیسیم تا حدی قادر است اثرات منفی شوری بر عملکرد سورگوم دانه‌ای و اجزای آن را در هر دو شرایط تنش و غیر تنش کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص برداشت؛ شاخص کلروفیل؛ عملکرد دانه؛ محتوای آب نسبی؛ نشت یونی

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