تأثیر سه گونه قارچ‌ میکوریز بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک دو رقم سیب‌زمینی تحت تنش خشکی در شرایط کنترل شده

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 44، دی 1395، صفحه 558-574   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v14i4.21993

نویسندگان

سعید خانی نژاد؛ حمیدرضا خزاعی^* ؛ جعفر نباتی؛ محمد کافی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر کمبود بارندگی یکی از مشکلات درحال افزایش در بسیاری از کشورهای جهان بوده که تولید محصولات کشاورزی را محدود ساخته است. یکی از راهکارهای مناسب در کشاورزی برای مقابله با تنش خشکی، برقراری رابطه هم‌زیستی در برخی گیاهان با قارچ‌های میکوریزی می‌باشد. دراین راستا مطالعه‌ای به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر سه گونه قارچ میکوریزایی ( Glomus mosseae،Glomus intraradices و Glomus fasciculatum) بر دو رقم سیب‌زمینی (آگریا و فونتانه) در شرایط تنش خشکی و بدون تنش ( شاهد) در سال 1391 و در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار عملکرد غده، سطح برگ و وزن خشک اندام هوایی شد. رقم فونتانه نسبت به آگریا عملکرد و تعداد غده بالاتری داشت. کاربرد قارچ‌های میکوریز سبب افزایش بیوماس، سطح برگ و عملکرد تک بوته در شرایط تنش و غیر تنش شد. قارچ G. fasciculatum نسبت به سایر گونه‌ها تأثیر مثبت بیش‌تری بر صفات مورد مطالعه ارقام سیب‌زمینی داشت. در رقم فونتانه و اگریا قارچ G. fasciculatum به‌ترتیب با با 177 و 138 گرم وزن غده بالاترین عملکرد را به‌خود اختصاص دادند. تیمار شاهد در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش نسبت به تیمارهای قارچی کم‌ترین مقدار را دارا بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آگریا؛ تعداد غده؛ فلورسانس کلروفیل؛ فونتانه؛ وزن غده

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