اثر تاریخ کاشت بر فنولوژی و شاخص های فیزیولوژیکی رشد بادام‌زمینی تحت تاثیر کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 9، دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 45، فروردین 1396، صفحه 216-230   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v15i1.51529

نویسندگان

علی سپهری^* ؛ حسن شهبازی

دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

چکیده

اثر تاریخ کاشت و مصرف کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی بر شاخص های فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه بادام‌زمینی طی آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی92-91 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان بررسی شد. سه تاریخ کاشت اول خرداد ،10 خرداد و20 خرداد بعنوان کرت اصلی و مصرف کود زیستی و شیمیایی در چهار سطح شامل مصرف کود شیمیایی فسفاته کامل و50 درصد کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه+ کود زیستی نیتروژنه، کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه کامل و 50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفاته+ کود زیستی فسفره، 50 درصد کود شیمیایی نیتروژنه و50 درصد کود شیمیایی فسفاته+ کاربرد توام کودهای زیستی نیتروژنه و فسفره و استفاده کامل 100 در صد از کودهای شیمیایی بعنوان کرت فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد اثرات تاریخ کاشت، کود و اثرات متقابل تاریخ کاشت و کود برای حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ، حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول، حداکثر ماده خشک کل، دوام سطح برگ، عملکرد دانه در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار شد. برای میزان سبزینگی برگ، روز تا گلدهی، روز تا غلاف‌دهی، روز تا رسیدگی اثرات متقابل تاریخ کاشت و کود معنی‌دار نبود. در تاریخ کاشت دوم برای حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ، حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول، حداکثر ماده خشک کل، دوام سطح برگ روند تیمارهای مصرف انفرادی کود زیستی نیتروژنه و کود زیستی فسفره مشابه تاریخ کاشت اول بود، ولی از لحاظ مقدار کاهش داشت. در تاریخ کاشت سوم شاخص‌های حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ، حداکثر سرعت رشد محصول، حداکثر ماده خشک کل نسبت به تاریخ کاشت اول به ترتیب 64، 76 و 71 درصد کاهش نشان دادند. حداکثر مقادیر شاخص های مذکور در تاریخ کاشت اول و با تیمار مصرف 100% کود شیمیایی و کاربرد توام کود شیمیایی و زیستی نیتروژنه+ فسفره حاصل شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شاخص های رشد؛ عملکرد؛ کاربرد تلفیقی کود؛ کود زیستی

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