بررسی عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و نسبت برابری زمین در کشت مخلوط جایگزینی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) و ماش (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

بوم شناسی کشاورزی

مقاله 1، دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 57، مهر 1402، صفحه 427-445   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jag.v1i1.54301

نویسندگان

محمد حسن هاتفی فرجیان؛ علیرضا کوچکی^* ؛ مهدی نصیری محلاتی

گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر نسبت­های جایگزینی کشت مخلوط گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgar Mill.) با ماش (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) بر برخی خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی این دو گیاه، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 94-1393 در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با پنج تیمار و سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل: 25 درصد ماش + 75 درصد رازیانه، 50 درصد ماش + 50 درصد رازیانه، 75 درصد ماش + 25 درصد رازیانه و کشت خالص دو گیاه بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر نسبت­های کشت مخلوط رازیانه با ماش بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه معنی­دار بود. بالاترین عملکرد دانه، زیست‌توده و اسانس رازیانه برای کشت خالص به‌ترتیب با 4/1460، 4/12286 و 4/50 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین مقادیر برای تیمار 25 درصد رازیانه + 75 درصد ماش به‌ترتیب با 2/263، 3/5843 و 1/8 کیلوگرم در هکتار مشاهده گردید. همچنین، بالاترین عملکرد دانه و زیست‌توده ماش برای کشت خالص به‌ترتیب با 1/2167 و 5/8900 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین مقادیر برای تیمار 25 درصد رازیانه + 75 درصد ماش به‌ترتیب با 5/740 و 5/2540 کیلوگرم در هکتار مشاهده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای کشت مخلوط از نظر نسبت برابری زمین کل، اختلاف معنی­داری را با هم نشان ندادند. بیشترین مقدار نسبت برابری زمین کلی (07/1) از الگوی کشت مخلوط 50 درصد ماش + 50 درصد رازیانه و کمترین مقدار (91/0) از الگوی کشت مخلوط 25 درصد ماش + 75 درصد رازیانه به­دست آمد. به‌طور کلی، افزایش درصد حضور هر دو گیاه تا 75 درصد باعث افزایش عملکرد بیولوژیکی و دانه شد و افزایش بیش از این میزان، به‌دلیل افزایش رقابت درون گونه­ای بر سر جذب منابع محیطی کاهش این صفات را موجب گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تثبیت زیستی نیتروژن؛ عملکرد اسانس؛ عملکرد دانه؛ گیاه دارویی

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