آلودگی خاک، آب، گیاه و گردو غبار به روی، سرب و کادمیم در جنوب غربی اصفهان

آب و خاک

مقاله 7، دوره 29، شماره 2، خرداد 1394، صفحه 441-452   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.28324

نویسندگان

نسترن اسماعیل پورفرد؛ جواد گیوی^* ؛ علیرضا داودیان

دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

در اثرمعدن کاری بخش قابل توجهی از کانی‌های حاوی عنصرهای سنگین به صورت غبار در هوا پراکنده و آلودگی هایی را در هوا، آب و خاک-های اطرافایجاد می کنند. روان آب هم ممکن است با حرکت از کوه به طرف دشت، عناصر آلاینده را از معدن به خاک انتقال دهد. یکی از انواع آلودگی ها، آلودگی به فلزات سنگین می باشد.تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر عناصر سنگین معدن بر میزان آلودگی خاک، آب، گیاه و غبار انجام شده است. معدن گوش فیل در 3کیلومتری جنوب غربی سپاهان شهر اصفهان قرار گرفته است. خاک رخ‌ها به فواصل500متر در امتداد سه ترانسکت موازی از ابتدای شهرک سپاهان شهرتا نزدیکی معدن گوش فیل حفر، مطالعه و نمونه برداری از تمام لایه های آن‌هاصورت گرفت. از معدن، آبچاه، گیاه و غبار نیز نمونه برداری انجام شد. غلظت کل سرب، روی و کادمیم در نمونه ها اندازه گیری گردید. برای منشایابی خاک و غبار آلوده، آنالیز ایزوتوپ های سرب انجام و روابط رگرسیونی بین نسبت های مقادیر این ایزوتوپ ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.در خاک های واقع شده در شهرک سپاهان شهر، آلودگی روی، سرب و کادمیم وجود ندارد. در 1 تا 2 کیلومتری معدن گوش فیل، خاک‌ها به سرب و روی آلوده اند. عنصرهای فوق الذکر از معدن توسط روان آببه خاک‌های منطقه مطالعاتی انتقال داده می شوند. انفجارها در معدن هم باعث ورود عنصرهای آلاینده به هوا و باد موجب انتقال آن‌ها به محیط اطراف می گردد. آب به سرب و کادمیم آلوده است. گیاهان فقط آلودگی کادمیم دارند. خطر آلودگی کادمیم در خاک‌های مورد مطالعه وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آلودگی؛ روی؛ سرب؛ کادمیم؛ معدن کاری

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