برآورد نیاز درجه- روز رشد مراحل فنولوژیک و رشد گل‌گاوزبان در تاریخ و تراکم‌های متفاوت

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 10، دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 50، تیر 1397، صفحه 511-523   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v16i2.68494

نویسندگان

حدیث حسنوند^* ؛ سید عطااله سیادت؛ عبدالمهدی بخشنده؛ محمدرضا مرادی تلاوت؛ عادل پشت‌دار

دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

به‌منظور برآورد درجه- روز رشد مراحل فنولوژیک و رشد گل‌گاوزبان اروپایی (Borago officinalis L.) در تاریخ و تراکم‌های متفاوت، پژوهشی در سال زراعی 96-1395 اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل تاریخ کاشت به‌عنوان عامل اصلی (15 مهر، 5 آبان، 25 آبان، 15 آذر و 5 دی) و تراکم (6، 10، 14 و 18 بوته در متر مربع) به‌‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تاریخ کاشت از نظر طول دوره‌های مختلف فنولوژیکی معنی‌دار گردید اما اثر تراکم بوته و برهمکنش تیمارها بر این صفت معنی‌دار نبود. بیشترین و کمترین درجه- روز رشد تجمعی از کاشت تا مراحل مختلف رشد به‌ترتیب مربوط به تاریخ کاشت 15 مهر و 5 دی بود. با تأخیر در کاشت میانگین تعداد روز و درجه- روز رشد تجمعی در اغلب مراحل فنولوژیک کاهش یافت. تأخیر در کاشت و کاهش تراکم موجب کاهش عملکرد گل گردید. لذا بیشترین عملکرد گل با میانگین 7/720 و 2/586 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌ترتیب به تاریخ کاشت 15 مهر و تراکم 14 بوته در متر مربع تعلق داشت. همچنین برهمکنش تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر شاخص سطح برگ معنی‌دار بود. با توجه به همبستگی معنی‌دار عملکرد گل با درجه- روز رشد تجمعی، به‌نظر می‌رسد تنظیم تاریخ کاشت برای دریافت واحد حرارتی برای تکمیل مراحل رشد و نمو از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

خوزستان؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ عملکرد گل؛ نیاز حرارتی؛ همبستگی

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