تاثیر روش های مختلف خاک ورزی بر روی مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک با عصاره‌گیرهای مختلف در یک خاک با سطح ویژه زیاد

آب و خاک

مقاله 10، دوره 29، شماره 4، آبان 1394، صفحه 966-979   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.21882

نویسندگان

مهدی حسینی^{* 1}؛ سید علیرضا موحدی نائینی²؛ ابوالفضل بامری³

¹دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

²دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

³دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر شدت خاک ورزی بر روی پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک در خاک های حاوی رس ایلایت و با محدودیت پتاسیم قابل جذب در منطقه گلستان پژوهشی در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیمار و 4 تکرار، طی سال زراعی 89- 88 در اراضی زراعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان واقع در سید میران اجرا گردید. پنج روش مختلف خاک ورزی شامل شخم با گاوآهن برگرداندار سوار به عمق (25-20 سانتیمتر) به همراه یک شخم با دیسک، رویتواتور (17-12 سانتیمتر)، دیسک (10-8 سانتیمتر)، چیزل (30-25 سانتیمتر) و نظام بدون خاک ورزی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار پتاسیم خاک با همه عصاره‌گیرها (تترافنیل بران سدیم، استات آمونیوم، اضافه بار پتاسیم و پتاسیم محلول) در تیمار خاک ورزی گاوآهن برگرداندار نسبت به سایر روش های خاک ورزی کمتر بود. زیرا مقاومت مکانیکی در تیمار گاوآهن برگرداندار نسبت به سایر روش های خاک ورزی کمتر شد در نتیجه رشد و توسعه ریشه و جذب پتاسیم توسط گیاه افزایش و در نتیجه پتاسیم خاک کاهش یافت. افزایش شدت خاک ورزی بر غلظت پتاسیم با عصاره گیرهای مختلف فقط در مرحله قبل از خوشه دهی تأثیر معنی داری داشت. خاک ورزی با استفاده از گاوآهن برگرداندار در خاک مورد مطالعه با محدودیت پتاسیم با افزایش تراکم ریشه و سطح تماس ریشه با خاک موجب افزایش جذب پتاسیم توسط گیاه و افزایش تعداد خوشه در واحد سطح و عملکرد گردید. زمانی می توان از عصاره گیرهای خاک برای پیش بینی جذب عناصر توسط گیاه و عملکرد استفاده کرد که رشد ریشه با تیمارهای مختلف یکسان و همبستگی غلظت عناصر غذایی خاک با جذب آنها یک همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پتاسیم خاک؛ جذب پتاسیم توسط گندم؛ عملکرد دانه و کاه

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