بررسی ویژگی های کمپوست حاصل از زباله های خانگی شهر سنندج از دیدگاه بهبود کیفیت و سلامت خاک

آب و خاک

مقاله 13، دوره 29، شماره 5، دی 1394، صفحه 1345-1359   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v29i5.37874

نویسندگان

زاهد شریفی^* ؛ سید محمد طاهر حسینی

دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

این پژوهش ویژگی های فیزیکی و شیمیایی، پتانسیل کودی و میزان آلودگی فلزات سنگین در 2 نوع کمپوست با زمان فرآوری بین 4 تا 8 سال (نوع A) و بین 1 تا 4 سال (نوع B) حاصل از زباله های خانگی شهر سنندج را با هدف استفاده از آن به عنوان یک کود آلی را مورد بررسی قرار داد. در این پژوهش ویژگی های فیزیکی (شامل: ناخالصی های نامطلوب، میزان رطوبت اولیه، توزیع اندازه ذرات، جرم مخصوص حقیقی و ظاهری، حداکثر ظرفیت نگه داشت آب و تخلخل کل) و ویژگی های شیمیایی (شامل: کربن آلی، pH و شوری) و میزان کل عناصر N، P، Ca، Mg، K، Na، Mn، Fe، Cr، Zn، Pb، Ni و Cd با استفاده از روش های استاندارد اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که جرم مخصوص ظاهری، میزان خاکستر و میزان کل عناصر با افزایش زمان فرآوری در واحد وزن خشک کمپوست، افزایش یافت، درحالی‌که اندازه ذرات کمپوست کاهش نشان داد. همچنین نتایج نشان دادند، که هر 2 نوع کمپوست مورد مطالعه از نظر میزان خرده شیشه (به گونه میانگین 7/21 برابر بیش از حد مجاز)، میزان سنگریزه (به گونه میانگین 4/1 برابر بیش از حد مجاز)، میزان سرب (به گونه میانگین 6/1 برابر بیش از حد مجاز)، میزان شوری (به گونه میانگین 4/1 برابر بیش از حد مجاز)، علاوه بر این کمپوست نوع B همچنین از نظر رطوبت اولیه (4/1 بیش از حد مجاز) و جرم مخصوص ظاهری (gcm-32/0، کمتر از پایین ترین حد مجاز) داری محدویت استفاده برای اهداف کشاورزی بودند. بنابراین، بدون اصلاح مناسب این محدویت ها، کیفیت کمپوست های بررسی شده برای اهداف کشاورزی مناسب نمی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زمان فراوری؛ عناصر غذایی؛ کاربرد کشاورزی؛ فلزات سنگین؛ ویژگی های فیزیکی و شیمیایی

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