بررسی تأثیر سن نشاء و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis alkekengi L.)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 2، دوره 17، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 55، مهر 1398، صفحه 373-387   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v17i3.68378

نویسندگان

اشکان عسگری؛ پرویز رضوانی مقدم^* ؛ علیرضا کوچکی

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف تعیین مناسب‌ترین سن نشاء و تراکم از نظر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد عروسک پشت پرده در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال زراعی 95-1394 انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بود. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سه سن نشاء (5، 8 و 11 هفته) و چهار تراکم بوته (5، 7/6، 10 و 20 بوته در متر مربع) بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین وزن میوه (92 گرم) در بوته مربوط به تیمار سن نشاء 11 هفته با تراکم 5 بوته بود. بیشترین عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمارهای سن نشاء 11 و 8 هفته در تراکم 20 بوته به‌میزان 16 تن در هکتار به‌دست آمد. بیشترین عملکرد میوه (1/7 تن) در تیمار سن نشاء 11 هفته با تراکم 10 بوته در متر مربع بالاترین مقدار بود. همچنین بیشترین تعداد میوه با میانگین 109 عدد در سن نشاء 11 هفته با تراکم 5 بوته در متر مربع حاصل شد. ارتفاع بوته در تراکم 20 بوته (61 سانتی‌متر) بیشتر از تراکم‌های دیگر بود و همچنین ارتفاع در سن نشاء 11 و 8 هفته (به‌ترتیب 52 و 54 سانتی‌متر) بیشتر از سن 5 هفته بود. شاخص برداشت در تراکم‌های 5، 7/6 و 10 بوته در سن 11 و 8 هفته بیشترین و در تراکم 20 بوته کمترین مقدار را داشت. به‌طور کلی نشاهای با سن 5 هفته از نظر بیشتر صفات وضعیت مناسبی نداشتند و همچنین تراکم 20 بوته در متر مربع نیز در تمامی صفات به‌جز عملکرد بیولوژیک و ارتفاع بوته مناسب نبودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارتفاع؛ شاخص برداشت؛ عملکرد بیولوژیک؛ عملکرد میوه؛ وزن هزار دانه

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