اثر محلول‌پاشی تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد بر رشد و القای تحمل به گرمای انتهای فصل گندم (Triticum aestivum L.)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 9، دوره 17، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 55، مهر 1398، صفحه 467-476   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v17i3.74916

نویسندگان

نفیسه اسدی نسب؛ مجید نبی پور^* ؛ حبیب اله روشنفکر؛ افراسیاب راهنما قهفرخی

دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور مطالعه تأثیر محلول پاشی اسیدسالیسیلیک و اسیدآبسزیک بر کاهش اثرات سوء تنش گرمای دوره زایشی بر رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم (رقم فونگ و چمران)، طی سال زراعی 1395-1396، به‌صورت کرت های دو بار خردشده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه آزمایشی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز اجرا شد. تنش گرما با توجه به برآورد 30 ساله دمای محیط و بر اساس تاریخ کاشت لحاظ گردید. در این آزمایش سه عامل محلول‌پاشی شامل شاهد (عدم محلول‌پاشی)، اسید آبسزیک (30 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و اسید سالیسیلیک (69 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و زمان کاربرد ترکیبات شیمیایی مختلف شامل 15 روز قبل از گلدهی، گلدهی، 15 روز پس از گلدهی و محلول‌پاشی در سه زمان 15 روز قبل از گلدهی، گلدهی و 15 روز پس از گلدهی و ارقام گندم فونگ و چمران، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی سبب افزایش تعداد دانه در بوته (اسید سالیسیلیک با متوسط 5/94 و اسید آبسزیک با متوسط 4/86 دانه در بوته) در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (با متوسط 75 دانه در بوته) شد که افزایش وزن دانه را به دنبال داشت. با توجه به نتایج صفات وزن دانه در بوته (0/4 گرم در بوته)، وزن هزار دانه (2/41 گرم) و شاخص برداشت (6/49 درصد) به نظر می‌رسد که محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک 69 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر در زمان گلدهی و دو هفته قبل و پس‌ از آن در رقم چمران در استان خوزستان و مناطقی با شرایط مشابه، مناسب باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اجزای عملکرد؛ تعداد دانه در بوته؛ شاخص برداشت؛ عملکرد؛ وزن دانه

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