تاثیر کاربرد آبیاری تکمیلی و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد، محتوای کلروفیل، سرعت و طول دوره پر شدن دانه گندم دیم

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 8، دوره 18، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، فروردین 1399، صفحه 101-109   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v18i1.81264

نویسندگان

فرامرز یقینی؛ رئوف سیدشریفی^* ؛ حامد نریمانی

دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر کاربرد آبیاری تکمیلی و کودهای زیستی بر عملکرد دانه، محتوای کلروفیل و مولفه‌های پر شدن دانه گندم دیم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل طی سال 1395 اجرا شد. عامل‌های آزمایشی سطوح آبیاری در سه مرحله (شامل عدم آبیاری یا کشت دیم، آبیاری تکمیلی در مراحل تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (بوتینگ) و ظهور سنبله به‌ترتیب بر مبنای کد 45 و 61 از تقسیم‌بندیBBCH )، کاربرد کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح (شامل تلقیح بذر با آزوسپریلیوم، کاربرد میکوریزا، کاربرد توام میکوریزا و آزوسپریلیوم و بدون کاربرد کودهای زیستی به‌عنوان شاهد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد توام میکوریزا و آزوسپریلیوم و آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (بوتینگ)، محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید را (به‌ترتیب 6/76، 26/46، 57/49 و 100 درصد) در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی تحت شرایط دیم افزایش داد. همچنین کاربرد توام میکوریزا و آزوسپریلیوم و انجام آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله تورم غلاف برگ پرچم (بوتینگ)، به‌ترتیب موجب افزایش 26/15، 35/51، 04/14، 92/35 و 27/35 درصدی در سرعت پر شدن دانه، وزن تک بذر، طول دوره‌ی پر شدن، دوره موثر پر شدن دانه و عملکرد دانه نسبت به عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی تحت شرایط دیم شد. بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش، به‌نظر می‌رسد کاربرد آبیاری تکمیلی و کودهای بیولوژیک می‌تواند به‌عنوان تعدیل‌کننده‌های تنش خشکی در گندم تحت شرایط دیم پیشنهاد شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزوسپریلیوم؛ رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ محدودیت آبی؛ میکوریزا

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