اثر تراکم کاشت بر میزان جذب و کارایی مصرف تشعشع ژنوتیپ‌های برنج (Oryza sativa L.) در شرایط کشت مستقیم

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 7، دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 58، تیر 1399، صفحه 225-239   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v18i2.85482

نویسندگان

فرزین پورامیر¹؛ بیژن یعقوبی²؛ یاسر علیزاده^{* 3}

¹موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور

²مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور

³دانشگاه ایلام

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی میزان جذب و کارایی مصرف نور و همچنین تعیین ضریب استهلاک نوری در سه ژنوتیپ برنج در تراکم‌های مختلف کشت مستقیم، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و 15 تیمار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور- رشت اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل پنج تراکم بذر (65، 80، 95، 110 و 125 کیلوگرم بذر در هکتار) و سه ژنوتیپ برنج (لاین امید بخش طاهر، رقم آنام و رقم هاشمی) بودند. نتایج نشان دادکه بیشترین عملکرد دانه در رقم طاهر (6380 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و رقم آنام (6100 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تراکم 95 کیلوگرم بذر در هکتار به‌دست آمد ولی بیشترین عملکرد دانه در رقم هاشمی (5490 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تراکم 110 کیلوگرم بذر در هکتار مشاهده شد. در این تحقیق، بیشترین (06/3 گرم بر مگاژول PAR) و کمترین (20/2 گرم بر مگاژول PAR) میزان کارایی مصرف نور به‌ترتیب در تراکم‌های 95 و 125 کیلوگرم لاین طاهر مشاهده شد. دو ژنوتیپ آنام و طاهر در تراکم 95 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌ترتیب با 773 و 852 مگاژول PAR بر متر مربع و رقم هاشمی در تراکم 110 کیلوگرم در هکتار با 880 مگاژول PAR بر متر مربع، بالاترین میزان جذب تشعشع در طول فصل رشد را داشتند. افزایش تراکم تا سطح مطلوب در ارقام برنج باعث افزایش جذب و همچنین کارایی مصرف نور گردید. بین جذب و کارایی نور با عملکرد زیستی و دانه ارقام برنج همبستگی مثبتی مشاهده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رقم هاشمی؛ سایه‎اندازی؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ ضریب خاموشی نور

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