اثر تنش خشکی بر روی رشد اندام‌های هوایی و زیرزمینی کوشیا (Kochia scoparia L.) تحت شرایط گلخانه

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 19، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 63، مهر 1400، صفحه 219-232   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v19i1.70442

نویسندگان

بی بی الهه موسوی فر¹؛ حمیدرضا خزاعی^{* 2}؛ محمد کافی²

¹دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

مطالعه‌ای با هدف بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر رشد ریشه و اندام‌های هوایی در گیاه کوشیا در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 92-1391 اجرا شد. 9 تیمار خشکی شامل: شاهد (بدون تنش) (100% ظرفیت زراعی)، تنش ملایم (70% ظرفیت زراعی) در مرحله رویشی، تنش شدید (30% ظرفیت زراعی) در مرحله رویشی، تنش ملایم در مرحله زایشی، تنش شدید در مرحله زایشی، تنش ملایم در مرحله رویشی و تنش شدید در مرحله زایشی، تنش شدید در مرحله رویشی و تنش ملایم در مرحله زایشی، تنش ملایم در کل دوره رشد و تنش شدید در کل دوره رشد گیاه بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین و کمترین ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک برگ، ساقه و کل اندام هوایی به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای شاهد و تنش شدید در کل دوره رشد گیاه مشاهده شد. همچنین بین تیمارهای خشکی از نظر طول، سطح، حجم، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و نسبت طول ریشه به ارتفاع بوته تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. تیمار شاهد و تیمار تنش شدید خشکی در کل دوره رشد به‌ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین میزان را در سطح، حجم، وزن تر و خشک ریشه دارا بودند. بین تیمارهای مختلف خشکی از نظر تعداد شاخه جانبی و نسبت وزن خشک ریشه به اندام هوایی تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. در کل رشد اندام هوایی و زیرزمینی در شرایط خشکی بسته به مرحله رشدی گیاه، شدت و مدت تنش کاهش یافت اما همواره و تحت هر شرایطی یک تناسب یکسان بین این دو بخش گیاه وجود داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ریخت‌شناسی ریشه؛ کم آبیاری؛ گیاه شورزیست؛ مطالعه گلدانی

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