تأثیر آبیاری و کود نیتروژن بر ویژگی های رشدی و غلظت کلروفیل سیر در سیستم آبیاری بارانی تک شاخه در استان همدان

آب و خاک

مقاله 14، دوره 30، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 48، مهر 1395، صفحه 1043-1058   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v30i4.45440

نویسنده

رحیم مطلبی فرد^*

مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی همدان

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر برای بررسی تأثیر نیتروژن و آبیاری بر ویژگی های رشدی سیر اجرا شد. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت بلوک در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی و با دو فاکتور آبیاری در 4 سطح (با فواصل 3-0 (بدون تنش)، 6-3 (تنش ملایم)، 9-6 (تنش متوسط) و 12-9 (تنش شدید) متر از خط اصلی آبیاری) و نیتروژن در 4 سطح (0، 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص) و در 3 تکرار و با استفاده از سیستم آبیاری بارانی تک شاخه اجرا شد. برای اندازه گیری کل آب رسیده به هر کرت (24 متر مربع) از قوطی هایی که در وسط هر کرت مستقر شده بود استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری پژوهش به روش ذکر شده توسط هنکس (1980) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که مصرف 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار به-ترتیب باعث افزایش 7، 6، 7، 12، 22 و 36 درصدی طول ساقه، وزن تر و خشک بخش هوایی، شاخص کلروفیل و غلظت کلروفیل های a و b شد. تنش شدید کمبود آب باعث کاهش 13، 36، 12، 12، 19، 42 و 44 درصدی طول ساقه، تعداد برگ، وزن تر و خشک بخش هوایی، شاخص کلروفیل و غلظت کلروفیل های a و b در مقایسه با شرایط بدون تنش کمبود آب گردید. اثر متقابل دوجانبه آبیاری و نیتروژن فقط بر وزن خشک و تر بخش هوایی معنی دار بود و این اثر عمدتاً از نوع هم افزایی بود. حداکثر وزن خشک و تر بخش هوایی و عمده ویژگی های اندازه گیری شده در شرایط مصرف 409 میلی متر آب آبیاری (شرایط بدون تنش کمبود آب) همراه با مصرف 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص به دست آمد و در شرایط تنش کمبود آب مصرف 150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار مناسب است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تعداد برگ؛ کلروفیل؛ کم آبیاری؛ طول ساقه

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