برهمکنش باکتری‌ حل کننده فسفات و قارچ میکوریزا بر رشد و فراهمی فسفر سورگوم

آب و خاک

مقاله 8، دوره 30، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 49، پاییز 1395، صفحه 1478-1488  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.25651

نویسندگان

عبدالحسین ضیائیان ¹؛ علیرضا فرحبخش²؛ حسین بشارتی³؛ لادن جوکار¹

¹مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات فارس

³سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج

چکیده

یکی از راه‌های مؤثر برای افزایش جذب فسفر در خاک‌های آهکی، استفاده از ریزجانداران خاکزی است. به منظور مطالعه نقش کاربرد باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات و میکوریزا بر رشد و فراهمی فسفر سورگوم، آزمایشی گلدانی با 16 تیمار در سه تکرار، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی ترکیبی از چهار سطح صفر، 25، 50 و 75 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم P2O5 از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل، دو تیمار تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با باکتری حل کننده فسفات و دو تیمار تلقیح و عدم تلقیح با میکوریزا بود. نتایج نشان داد که با استفاده از باکتری‌ حل کننده فسفات قطر ساقه، عملکرد ماده خشک، جذب فسفر و مقدار فسفر در خاک پس از برداشت افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. تلقیح قارچ میکوریز نیز تاثیر معنی‌داری (P

کلیدواژه‌ها

ریزجانداران خاک؛ خاک ها آهکی؛ کودهای زیستی؛ کودهای شیمیایی

مراجع

1- Abeles F.B., Morgan P.W., and Saltveit M.E. 1992. Ethylene in Plant Biology. San Diego, CA. Academic Press, 2 editions. 414 p.

2- Abusuwar A.O., and Omer E.A. 2011. Effect of intercropping, phosphorus fertilization and rhizobium inoculation on the growth and nodulation of some leguminous and cereal forage. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 2(1): 109-124.

3- Afzal A., Ashraf M., Asad S.A., and Faroog M. 2005. Effect of phosphate solubilizing microorganism on phosphorus uptake, yield and yield traits of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) in rainfed area. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 7(2): 207-209.

4- Ali Ehyaee M., and Behbahanizadeh A.A. 1993. Description of Soil Chemical Analysis Methods. Technical publication No. 1024, Vol. 2. Soil and Water Research Institute. Tehran (in Persian).

5- Alimadadi A., Jahansouz M. R., Besharaty H., and Tavakkol-Afshari R. 2010. Evaluating the effects of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi and seed priming on nodulation of chickpea. Iranian Journal of Soil Research (Soil and Water Sciences). 24:1. 43-53 (in Persian).

6- Antunes P.M., Schneider K., Hillis D., and Klironomos J. N. 2007. Can the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices actively mobilize P from rock phosphates? Pedobiologia. 51(4): 281-286.

7- Arshad M., and Frankenberger Jr. W. T. 2002. Ethylene: Agricultural Sources and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, U.S.A. 342 p.

8- Carlile M.J., and Watkinson S. 1994. The Fungi. Academic Press, London, Boston, San Diego, New York, Sydney, Tokyo, pages 9-139 and 153- 172.

9- Duponnois R., Colombet A., Hien V., and Thioulouse J. 2005. The mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and rock phosphate amendment influence plant growth and microbial activity in the rhizosphere of Acacia holosericea. Soil Biological Biochemistry. 37(8): 1460-1468.

10- Eftekhari Gh, Fallah A.R., Akbari Gh.A., Mohaddesi A., and Allahdadi I. 2010. Effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphate fertilizers on rice growth parameters. Iranian Journal of Soil Research (Soil and Water Sciences.). 23:2. 229-239 (in Persian).

11- El-Dewiny C.Y., Moursy Kh. S., and. El-Aila H. I. 2006. Effect of organic matter on the release and availability of phosphorus and their effects on spinach and radish plants. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 2(3): 103-108.

12- Emami A. 1996. Methods of Plant Analysis. Technical Publication No. 182. Soil and Water Research Institute, Tehran. (In Persian).

13- Glick B .R., Cheng Z., Czarny, J., Duan J, 2007. Promotion of plant growth by ACC deaminase containing soil bacteria. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 119(3): 329–39.

14- Khan M.S., Zaidi A., and Wani P.A. 2007. Role of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms in sustainable agriculture-A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 27(1): 29-43.

15- Khassehe Sirjani A. 2011. Evaluation of biofertilizer containing phosphate solubilizing bacteria and enriched organic p-fertilizer in wheat production. Iranian Journal of Soil Research (Soil and Water Sciences). 25:3. 217-224 (In Persian).

16- Larsen J., Cornejo P., and MiguelBarea J. 2009. Interactions between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomusintraradices and the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa and P. macerans in the mycorrhizosphere of Cucumissativus. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 41: 286-292.

17- Lee K. D., Bai Y., Smith D., and Han H. S. 2005. Isolation of Plant-Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacteria from Bean Nodules. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences.1 (3): 232-236.

18- Li J., Ovakim D.H., Charles T.C., and Glick B. R. 2000. An ACC deaminase minus mutant of Enterobacter cloacaeUW4No longer promotes root elongation. Current Microbiology. 41(2): 101-105.

19- Makoi J.H.J.R., and Ndakidemi P.A. 2009. The agronomic potential of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) in cereals– legume mixtures in Africa. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 3(11): 664-675.

20- Malakouti M. J., and Ghaibi M. N. 1997. Determine the critical level of nutrients in strategic plants and accurate fertilizer recommendations in country. Agricultural Education Publication, Karaj, Iran. 56p. (in Persian)

21- Marschner H. and Dell B. 1994. Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant and Soil. 159(1): 89-102.

22- Mohammad M.J., Pan W.L., and Kennedy A.C. 1995. Wheat responses to vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation of soils from eroded to posequence. Journal of American Soil Science Society. 59(4): 1086 – 1090.

23- Muchovej R.M. 2009. Importance of mycorrhizae for agricultural crops. Food and Agricultural Sciences. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.

24- Munir I., Ranjha A.M., Sarfraz M., Obaid-ur-Rehman, Mehdiand, S.M., and Mahmood, K. 2004. Effect of residual phosphorus on sorghum fodder in two different textured soils. International Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences.6 (6):967-969.

25- Nadian H. 1998. The role of mycorrhiza in sustainable agriculture. 5th National Iranian Crop Science Congress. Agricultural Faculty of Karaj. Iran

26- Nourgholi Pour F., Malakouti M.J., and Khavazi K. 2000. The role of Thiobacillus and phosphate solubilizing bacteria on the phosphorus absorption increases from rock phosphate source by corn. Journal of Soil and Water Research (Thiobacillus Special Issue). 12:11. 44-53 (in Persian).

27- Oelkers E.H., and Valsami-Jones E. 2008. Phosphate mineral reactivity and global sustainability. Elements 4: 83–87.

28- Pathiratna L.S.S., Waidyanatha De, U.P., and Peries O.S. 1989. The effect of apatite and elemental sulphur mixtures on growth and P content of Centrocema pubescens. Fertilizer Research. 21: 37-43.

29- Rajali F., Tavasoli A., Esmaeilzadeh V. and Saghafi k. 2003. Proliferation in vitro arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effects on growth and yield in drought and salinity stress conditions. Final Repot 86/286. Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran. (in Persion).

30- Raju P.S., Clark R.B., Ellis J.R., and Maranville J. W.1990. Mineral uptake and growth of sorghum colonized with VA mycorrhiza at varied soil phosphorus levels. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 13(7): 843 – 859.

31- Ramezanian A. 2005. Role of reproducer ACC deaminase enzyme rhizobium bacteria on moderation the adverse effect of ethylene stress in wheat. M.Sc. thesis in soil science, University of Tehran.

32- Rodriguez H., and Fraga, R.1999. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnology Advances. 17(4-5): 319-339.

33- Smith S.E., Read, D.J. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Third Edition. Academic Press, London, U.K. 804 p.

34- Tarafdar, J.C., and Marschner H. 1994. Efficiency of VAM hyphae in utilization of organic Phosphorus by wheat plant. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 40(4): 593 – 600.

35- Turk M.A., Assaf T.A., Hameed K. M., and Tawaha A. M. 2006. Significance of Mycorrhizae. World Journal Agricalture Science. 2(1): 16 – 20.

36- Wagar A., Shahroona B., Zahir Z. A., and Arshad M. 2004. Inoculation with Accdeaminase containing rhizobacteria for improving growth and yield of wheat. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Sciences. 41(3-4): 119-124.

37- Wu B., Cao Z.H., Li Z.G., Cheung K.C., and Wong M.H. 2005. Effects of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth. A greenhouse trail. Geoderma. 125:1-2. 155-162.

38- Zahir Z.A., Arshad M., and Frankenberger Jr W.T. 2003. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria: Applications and Perspectives In Agriculture. Advances in Agronomy. 81: 97-168.