تأثیر پوشش های گیاهی و مدیریت زمین بر بخش های کربن آلی خاک در حوضه گنبد، همدان

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 30، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 50، بهمن 1395، صفحه 1964-1977   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v30i6.38407

نویسندگان

خدیجه سالاری نیک¹؛ محسن نائل^{* 1}؛ قاسم اسدیان²؛ علی اکبر صفری سنجانی¹

¹دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

²مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی منابع طبیعی همدان

چکیده

کربن آلی خاک در اثر فرآیندهای چرخه ای نظیر ورود بقایای گیاهی و نوع پوشش گیاهی مستقر در آن دائماً در تغییر است. به منظور بررسی تآثیر پوشش های گیاهی مختلف بر بخش های کربن آلی خاک، پنج تیپ گیاهی مرتعی شامل گندمیان، گون-بروموس، گون-جارو، گون-درمنه و گون-فرفیون در زیرحوضه های شاهد و حفاظت شده ی حوضه گنبد، و یک تیپ زراعی (گندم دیم)، در شرایط محیطی مشابه از نظر اقلیم کلان، مواد مادری و جهت شیب در همدان مطالعه شد. کربن آلی کل، ذخیره کربن، ذخیره کربن اصلاح شده با شن، کربن فعال، کربن فعال اصلاح شده با کربن، کربوهیدرات، کربوهیدرات اصلاح شده با کربن، تنفس پایه و تنفس پایه اصلاح شده با کربن در دو فصل پاییز و بهار در لایه خاک سطحی (15-0 سانتی متر) اندازه گیری شد. کربن آلی، ذخیره کربن، کربوهیدرات و تنفس پایه در تیپ های گون-بروموس و گون-درمنه به طور معنی داری بیشتر از دیگر تیپ ها بودند و کمترین مقدار این شاخص ها در تیپ های گندمیان و گندم دیم مشاهده شد. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار کربن فعال به ترتیب در تیپ گون-بروموس و تیپ گندم دیم (به ترتیب 7/711 و 6/262 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) مشاهده شد. کربوهیدرات اصلاح شده در تیپ گون-فرفیون به طور معنی داری کمتر از همه تیپ ها بود. اثر فصل بر تمام شاخص ها، به غیر از کربن فعال اصلاح شده، کربوهیدرات و تنفس پایه معنی دار بود. مقدار کربوهیدرات اصلاح شده بر خلاف دیگر شاخص ها، به طور معنی داری در فصل پاییز بیشتر از فصل بهار بود. در کل، نوع پوشش گیاهی و مدیریت زمین بیشترین تأثیر را بر شاخص های ذخیره کربن، کربن فعال و کربوهیدرات نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنفس پایه؛ تیپ گیاهی؛ کربن فعال؛ کربوهیدرات؛ کیفیت خاک

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