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تعیین عوامل مؤثر در رخداد فرسایش خندق پنجه ای در حوزه آبخیز آق امام(2) | ||
آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 30، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 50، اسفند 1395، صفحه 1978-1992 اصل مقاله (339.92 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v30i6.42860 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم محمدابراهیمی1؛ محمدرضا جوادی* 1؛ مهدی وفاخواه2 | ||
1دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نور | ||
2دانشگاه تربیت مدرس نور | ||
چکیده | ||
فرسایش خندقی از جمله انواع پیشرفته فرسایش آبی است که منجر به هدر رفت منابع آب و خاک در نقاط تحت تأثیر می شود. این نوع فرسایش به دلیل تولید رسوب و زیانهای فراوانی که در نتیجه تخریب اراضی، راهها و سازههای عمرانی برجای می گذارد، اهمیت ویژهای دارد. حوزه آبخیز آق امام(2) با مساحت حدود 2595 هکتار در شرق استان گلستان واقع است که از نظر فرسایش خندقی دارای معظلات و مشکلات قابل ملاحظهای می باشد. در این تحقیق، تعداد 9 خندق پنجهای موجود در منطقه مورد مطالعه، شناسایی شدند و ویژگی های فیزیکی و شیمیایی مؤثر خاک، انواع لیتولوژی، انواع کاربری اراضی، طبقات مختلف شیب و ارتفاعی در ایجاد آنها مورد بررسی و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که متغیر درصد سیلت، درصد رس، هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، کربن آلی، آهک، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی، نسبت جذب سدیم، درصد سدیم تبادلی و نوع لیتولوژی (سازند لسی) از مهمترین عوامل مؤثر در ایجاد فرسایش خندق پنجه ای در منطقه مورد مطالعه می باشند. همچنین به منظور جلوگیری از توسعه بیشتر خندق ها می توان به انجام اقداماتی نظیر افزایش پوشش گیاهی در مناطق بالادست، و انحراف رواناب سطحی ورودی به خندق به مناطق خارج از محدوده خندق ها و همچنین تثبیت خاک دیوارههای کناری و بستر خندق اشاره نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک؛ فرسایش خندقی؛ کاربری اراضی؛ لیتولوژی | ||
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