ارزیابی اثر کرم خاکی و لجن فاضلاب شهری بر کیفیت میکروبیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی خاک با استفاده از روش تجزیه ی چند متغیره

آب و خاک

مقاله 6، دوره 31، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 51، فروردین 1396، صفحه 168-178   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i1.50082

نویسندگان

هانیه جعفری وفا^{* 1}؛ فایز رئیسی²

¹دانشگاه شهرکرد

²دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

استفاده از پسماندهای آلی همچون لجن فاضلاب در خاک های کشاورزی با ماده ی آلی کم شیوه ای متداول برای اصلاح و بهبود شرایط خاک محسوب می شود. با این حال، مصرف لجن فاضلاب ممکن است از طریق افزایش سوبسترای قابل دسترس و به عنوان یک منبع غذایی، اثر جانوران خاک به ویژه کرم خاکی برشاخص‌های زیستی نظیر فعالیت میکروبی و آنزیمی و در پی آن کیفیت میکروبیولوژیک خاک را تغییر دهد. به همین دلیل هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی عکس‌العمل ویژگی‌های میکروبیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی خاک به مصرف لجن فاضلاب در حضور کرم خاکی بود. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل لجن فاضلاب (در دو سطح بدون لجن فاضلاب و 5/1 درصد لجن فاضلاب) به عنوان فاکتور اول و کرم خاکی [در چهار سطح بدون کرم خاکی، گونه ی آیزنیافتیدا (اپی‌ژئیک)، گونه ی آلولوبوفورا کالیژینوزا (اندوژئیک) و مخلوط دو گونه] به عنوان فاکتور دوم بودند که به صورت فاکتوریل 4×2 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار و شرایط گلخانه برای مدت ۹۰ روز اجرا شد. نتایج تجزیه ی عامل نشان داد که سه مؤلفه ی اول دارای ارزش ویژه ی بیشتر از یک بوده و جمعاً 89 درصد تغییرات را توجیه کردند. بر اساس نمودار دو بعدی اغلب ویژگی های میکروبی خاک با مصرف لجن فاضلاب افزایش یافتند که این اثر مثبت به دلیل بالا بودن میزان مواد آلی و عناصر غذایی و همچنین غلظت پایین فلزات سنگین در این پسماند آلی بود. همچنین با مصرف لجن، وابستگی گونه ی آیزنیافتیدا به ریزجانداران به عنوان منبع غذایی کاهش یافت ولی گونه ی آلولوبوفورا کالیژینوزا به دلیل تغذیهی انتخابی از ریزجانداران، همچنان به زیستتودهی میکروبی وابسته بود و اثرات مثبت به همراه داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تجزیه به مؤلفه‌ی اصلی؛ تجزیه‌ی عامل؛ کیفیت خاک

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