تغییر در قابلیت استفاده و اجزاء مس در ریزوسفر آفتابگردان در خاک آلوده تیمارشده با کلات کننده ها

آب و خاک

مقاله 2، دوره 31، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 52، خرداد 1396، صفحه 509-521   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i2.53346

نویسندگان

محمد رحمانیان^{* 1}؛ علیرضا حسین پور²؛ ابراهیم ادهمی¹؛ حمیدرضا متقیان²

¹دانشگاه یاسوج

²دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

ویژگی‌های زیستی و شیمیایی محیط ریزوسفر از جمله فراهمی و اجزاء شیمیایی فلزات در آن با توده خاک متفاوت است. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی تغییر در قابلیت‌استفاده و اجزاء مس در ریزوسفر آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.) در یک خاک شنی آلوده به مس تیمار‌شده با کلات-کننده‌ها (EDTA، اسید سیتریک و عصاره کود مرغی) در شرایط گلخانه‌ای انجام شد.EDTA و اسید سیتریک در سطوح غلظتی صفر، 5/0 و 1 ‌میلی-مول بر کیلوگرم خاک و عصاره کود مرغی در سطوح غلظتی صفر، 5/0 و 1 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک استفاده شدند. تعداد سه بذر آفتابگردان در هر ریزوباکس کاشته شد. بعد از 10 هفته گیاهان برداشت شدند و خاک‌های ریزوسفری و توده جدا شدند. مس قابل‌استفاده با استفاده از 7 روش عصاره‌گیری شیمیایی و جزءبندی مس در خاک‌های ریزوسفری و توده اندازه‌گیری شد. ویژگی‌های خاک ریزوسفری با خاک توده متفاوت بود. مقدار مس عصاره‌گیری شده به روش‌های مختلف در خاک‌های ریزوسفری کمتر از خاک‌های توده بود. دامنه تغییرات مس عصاره‌گیری شده با عصاره‌گیرها از 023/0 تا 83/1 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بود. در خاک‌های ریزوسفری و توده تیمارشده با کلات‌کننده‌ها، بیشترین مقادیر مس به ترتیب در اجزاء باقیمانده، پیوند‌شده با ماده آلی، پیوند‌شده با اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز، پیوند‌شده با کربنات‌ها و تبادلی بود. میانگین اجزاء مس پیوند‌شده با کربنات‌ها، پیوند‌شده با اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز و جزء باقیمانده در شرایط ریزوسفری بیشتر از توده خاک بود. میانگین جزء پیوند‌شده با ماده آلی در شرایط ریزوسفری کمتر از توده خاک بود. دامنه تغییرات اجزاء مس از 81/2 تا 95/12 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

جزءبندی؛ توده خاک؛ EDTA؛ اسید سیتریک؛ عصاره کود مرغی

مراجع

1- Abreu C.A., Angela A.M., Furlani C., Furlani P.R., Abreu M.F., and Bataglia O.C. 2006. Quest of water extract analysis of micronutrients in soilless organic substrates. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37: 2327-2338.

2- Achiba W.B., Lakhdar A., Gabteni N., Du Laing G., Verloo M., Boeckx P., Van Cleemput O., Jedidi N., and Gallali T. 2010. Accumulation and fractionation of trace metals in a Tunisian calcareous soil amended with farmyard manure and municipal solid waste compost. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 176: 99–108.

3- Ahumada I., Gudenschwager O., Carrasco M.A., Castillo G., Ascar L., and Richter P. 2009. Copper and zinc bioavailabilities to ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) grown in biosolid treated Chilean soils. Journal of Environmental Management, 90: 2665–2671.

4- Bakircioglu D., Bakircioglu Kurtulus Y., and Ibar H. 2011.·Investigation of trace elements in agricultural soils by BCR sequential extraction method and its transfer to wheat plants. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 175: 303–314.

5- Bhattacharyya P., Chakraborty A., Chakrabarti K., Tripathy S., and Powell M.A. 2006. Copper and zinc uptake by rice and accumulation in soil amended with municipal solid waste compost. Environmental Geology, 49: 1064–1070.

6- Campbell C.R., and Plank C.O. 1998. Preparation of plant tissue for laboratory analysis. p. 37-50. In Y.P. Kalra (ed.) Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.

7- Cattani I., Fragoulis G., Boccelli R., and Capri E. 2006. Copper bioavailability in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in two Italian soils. Chemosphere, 64: 1972–1979.

8- Cherrey A., Chaignon V., and Hinsinger P. 1999. Bioavailability of copper in the rhizosphere of rape and ryegrass cropped in vineyard soils. p. 196-197. In W.W. Wenzel et al. (ed.) Proceedings of Extended Abstracts of 5th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, Vienna, Austria.

9- Corre M.D., Schnabel R.R., and Shaffer J.A. 1999. Evaluation of soil organic carbon under forests, cool-season and warm-season grasses in the northeastern US. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31: 1531–1539.

10- Dessureault-Rompre J., Nowack B., Schulin R., Tercier-Waeber M.L., and Luster J. 2008. Metal solubility and speciation in the rhizosphere of Lupinus albus cluster roots. Environmental Science and Technology, 42: 7146–7151.

11- Doelsch E., Moussard G., and Saint Macary H. 2008. Fractionation of tropical soilborne heavy metals – comparison of two sequential extraction procedures. Geoderma, 143: 168–179.

12- Feng M.H., Shan X.Q., Zhang S., and Wen B. 2005. Comparison of a rhizosphere-based method with other one-step extraction methods for assessing the bioavailability of soil metals to wheat. Chemosphere, 59: 939-949.

13- Formentini T.A., Mallmann F.J.K., Pinheiro A., Fernandes C.V.S., Bender M.A., da Veiga M., dos Santos D.R., and Doelsch E. 2015. Copper and zinc accumulation and fractionation in a clayey Hapludox soil subject to long-term pig slurry application. Science of the Total Environment, 536: 831-839.

14- Gee G.W., and Bauder J.W. 1986. Particle size analysis. p. 404-407. In: A. Klute (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. 2nd ed. Agron. Monogr. 9. ASA and SSSA, Madison, WI.

15- Hamon R.E., Lorenz S.E., Holm P.E., Christensen T.H., and McGrath S.P. 1995. Changes in trace metal species and other components of the rhizosphere during growth of radish. Plant, Cell and Environment, 18: 749–756.

16- He Z.L.L., Yang X.E., and Stoffella P.J. 2005. Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 19: 125-140.

17- He M.M., Tian G.M., and Liang X.Q. 2009. Phytotoxicity and speciation of copper, zinc and lead during the aerobic composting of sewage sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 163: 671–677.

18- Hinsinger P., Gobran G.R., Gregory P.J., and Wenzel W.W. 2005. Rhizosphere geometry and heterogeneity arising from root-mediated physical and chemical processes. New Phytologist, 168: 293–303.

19- Hinsinger P., and Courchesne F. 2007. Mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids at soil–root interface. In A. Violante et al. (ed.) Biophysicochemical processes of metals and metalloids in soil environments. John Wiley & sons, NewYork.

20- Hinsinger P. 1999. Bioavailability of trace elements as related to root-induced chemical changes in the rhizosphere. p. 152-153. In W.W. Wenzel et al. (ed.) Proceedings of Extended Abstracts of 5th International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements. Vienna, Austria.

21- Hinsinger P., Plassard C., Tang C., and Jaillard B. 2003. Origins of root-mediated pH changes in the rhizosphere and their responses to environmental constraints: a-review. Plant and Soil, 248: 43-59.

22- Hoyt P.B., and Nyborg M. 1971. Toxic metals in acid soil: 2. Estimation of plant available manganese. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 35: 141-144.

23- Jefferey J.J., and Uren N.C. 1983. Copper and zinc species in the soil solution and the effects of soil pH. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 21: 479–488.

24- Jenkinson D.S., and Powlson D.S. 1976. The effects of biocidal treatments on metabolism in soil. I. Fumigation with chloroform. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 8: 209-213.

25- Kabala C., and Singh R.R. 2001. Fractionation and mobility of Copper, lead, and zinc in soil profiles in the vicinity of a copper smelter. Journal of Environmental Quality, 30: 485–492.

26- Karczewska A., Orlow K., Kabala C., Szopka K., and Galka B. 2011. Effects of chelating compounds on mobilization and phytoextraction of copper and lead in contaminated soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 42: 1379–1389.

27- Kim K.R., Owens G., and Kwon S.I. 2010. Influence of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) on rhizosphere soil solution chemistry in long-term contaminated soils: A rhizobox study. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 22(1): 98–105.

28- Lynch J.M., and Whipps J.M. 1990. Substrate flow in the rhizosphere. Plant and Soil, 129: 1-10.

29- Lindsay W.L., and Norvell W.A. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 42: 421-428.

30- Loeppert R.H., and Suarez D.L. 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. p. 437-474. In D.L. Sparks (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA, Madison, WI.

31- Marschner H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. (2nd ed.). Academic Press, London, UK.

32- Mehlich A. 1953. Determination of P, Ca, Mg, K, Na and NH4. North Carolina Soil Testing Div. Mimeo, Raleigh.

33- Mehlich A. 1984. Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 15: 1409-1416.

34- Michaud A.M., Bravin M.N., Galleguillos M., and Hinsinger P. 2007. Copper uptake and phytotoxicity as assessed in situ for durum wheat (Triticum turgidum durum L.) cultivated in Cu-contaminated, former vineyard soils. Plant and Soil, 298: 99–111.

35- Motaghian H.R., and Hosseinpur A.R. 2013. Zinc desorption kinetics in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) rhizosphere in sewage sludge-amended calcareous soils. Environmental Earth Sciences, 1–9.

36- Motaghian H.R., Hosseinpur A.R., Mohamadi J., and Raeisi F. 2013. Change in Bioavailability and Fractions of Copper in the Rhizosphere of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Some Calcareous Soils. Journal of Water and Soil. 26 (6): 1492-1504. (in Persian with English abstract).

37- Nelson D.W., and Sommers L.E. 1996. Carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. p. 961-1010. In: D.L. Sparks (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis. SSSA, Madison, WI.

38- Nemati K., Abu Bakar N.K., Sobhanzadeh E., and Abas M.R. 2009. A modification of the BCR sequential extraction procedure to investigate the potential mobility of copper and zinc in shrimp aquaculture sludge. Microchemical Journal, 92: 165–169.

39- Pinel F., Leclerc-Cessac E., and Staunton S. 2003. Relative contributions of soil chemistry, plant physiology and rhizosphere induced changes in speciation on Ni accumulation in plant shoots. Plant and Soil, 255: 619–629.

40- Qian P., Schoenau J.J., Wu T., and Mooleki S.P. 2003. Copper and zinc amounts and distribution in soil as influenced by application of animal manure in east-central Saskatchewan. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 83: 197-202.

41- Rodriguez-Vila A., Asensio V., Forjan R., and Coveloa E.F. 2015. Chemical fractionation of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in a mine soil amended with compost and biochar and vegetated with Brassica juncea L. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 158: 74–81.

42- Rostamizadeh A., Fekri M., Sarcheshmehpour M., and Baghizadeh A. 2011. Effect of EDTA on hevay metal uptake Cu and Zn by corn. p. 60. The first phytoremediation national congress. 17 Feb. 2011. Center of international science and advanse technology and Kerman environmental science, (In Persian).

43- Safari Sinegani A.A., and Khalilikhah F. 2010. Effects of EDTA, sheep manure extract and their application time on Cd uptake by Helianthus annuus from a calcareous mine soil. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 19: 378–390.

44- Safari Singani A.A., and Ahmadi P. 2012. Manure application and cannabis cultivation influence on speciation of lead and cadmium by selective sequential extraction. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 21: 305–321.

45- Singh S.P., Tack F.M., and Verloo M.G. 1998. Heavy metal fractionation and extractability in dredged sediment derived surface soils. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 102: 313–328.

46- Soltanpour P.N., and Schwab A.P. 1977. A new soil test for simultaneous extraction of macro- and micro-nutrients in alkaline soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 8: 195-207.

47- Soriano-Disla J.M., Gomez I., Navarro-Pedreno J., and Lag-Brotons A. 2010. Evaluation of single chemical extractants for the prediction of heavy metal uptake by barley in soils amended with polluted sewage sludge. Plant and Soil, 327: 303–314.

48- Sposito G.L., Lund J., and Chang A.C. 1982. Trace metal chemistry in arid-zone field soils amended with sewage sludge: I. Fractionation of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in solid phases. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 46: 260-265.

49- Tahmasbian I., and Safari Sinegani A.A. 2013. Monitoring the effects of chelating agents and electrical fields on active forms of Pb and Zn in contaminated soil. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 185: 8847–8860.

50- Tao S., Chen Y.J., Xu F.L., Cao J., and Li B.G. 2003. Changes of copper speciation in maize rhizosphere soil. Environmental Pollution, 122: 447–454.

51- Tembo B.D., Sichilongo K., and Cernak J. 2006. Distribution of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc concentrations in soils around Kabwe town in Zambia. Chemosphere, 63: 497–501.

52- Tessier A., Campbell P.G.C., and Bisson M. 1979. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals. Analytical Chemistry, 51: 844-851.

53- Tokalioglu S., Kartal S., and Birol G. 2003. Application of a three-stage sequential extraction procedure for the determination of extractable metal contents in highway soils. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 27: 333-346.

54- Wang Z., Shan X.Q., and Zhang S. 2002. Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils. Chemosphere, 46(8): 1163-1171.

55- Way H., and Cunnighams S. 1999. Chelate assisted Pb phytoextraction: Pb availability, uptake and translocation. Environmental Science and Technology, 33: 1898-1904.

56- Xing B.S., Liu J.D., Liu X.B., and Han X.Z. 2005. Extraction and characterization of humic acids and humin fractions from a black soil of China. Pedosphere, 15: 1–8.

57- Zemberyova M., Bartekova J., and Hagarova I. 2006. The utilization of modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure for the fractionation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in soil reference materials of different origins. Talanta, 70: 973–978.