تأثیر قارچ آسپرژیلوس نایجر و کود سبز بر انحلال فسفر خاک در شرایط انکوباسیون

آب و خاک

مقاله 5، دوره 31، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 52، خرداد 1396، صفحه 597-608   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i2.55407

نویسندگان

آزاده احسانی نژاد^* ؛ علی عباسپور؛ حمیدرضا اصغری؛ حمیدرضا صمدلویی

دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

چکیده

حل شدن فسفر خاک توسط ریز جانداران حل‌کننده فسفات و استفاده از مواد آلی در مدیریت حاصلخیزی خاک مناسب‌تر از کودهای شیمیایی است. به‌منظور بررسی اثر آسپرژیلوس نایجر و کود سبز بر فراهمی فسفر خاک آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با 10 تیمار و سه تکرار طی یک دوره 70 روزه و به صورت انکوباسیون انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی عبارتند از: C: شاهد ، As: آسپرژیلوس نایجر ، A: کود سبز ، S: ساکارز ، P: سنگ فسفات، As+ A ، As+S ، As+P ، As+P +S ، As+P + A. پس از 70 روز pH ، هدایت الکتریکی، فسفر قابل جذب و محلول در خاک اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد در طول زمان با به کارگیری تیمارها pH خاک کاهش و هدایت الکتریکی، فسفر محلول و فسفر قابل دسترس خاک افزایش یافته است. بیشترین فسفر محلول و قابل دسترس در تیمار As+P + A مشاهده شد بطوری که فسفر محلول را 58 درصد و فسفر قابل دسترس خاک را 43 درصد افزایش داد. نتایج حاصله مؤید آن است که استفاده از ریز جانداران حل کننده فسفات و مواد آلی می تواند موجب افزایش انحلال فسفر خاک گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قارچ حل کننده فسفات؛ اسیدآلی؛ سنگ فسفات؛ فسفر؛ ماده آلی

مراجع

1-Abbaspour A., and Golchin A. 2011. Immobilization of heavy metals in a contaminated soil in Iran using di-ammonium phosphate, vermicompost and zeolite. Environ Earth Sci 63:935–943.

2- Ajudanzadeh M. 2005. Thesis "Effect of organic materials and different levels of quality, the physicochemical properties of soil and yield of potatoes", University of Zanjan. (in Persian)

3-Biyabanaki F., and Hossin pour A. 2007. P Release kinetics and correlation coefficient of kinetic models with some soil and vegetation indices in soils of Hamadan. journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, number 42(B) , 491-503P.(in Persian)

4-Bojinova D., Velkova R., and Ivanova R. 2008. Solubilization of Morocco phosphorite by Aspergillus Niger. Bioresource Technology 99: 7348–7353.

5-Chen Y.P., Rekha P.D., Arunshen A.B., Lai W.A., and Young C.C. 2006. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from subtropical soil and their tricalcium phosphate solubilizing abilities. Appl. Soil Ecol. 34:33-41.

6- Chen J., Weng Y. E., and Wang Y. P. 1994. Effects of organic fertilizers addition on P sorption characteristics of soils. Journal of Chinese Agricultural Chemical Society 32 (3): 332-346.

7-Cooperband L. R., and Good L.W. 2002. Biogenic phosphate minerals in manure: Implications for phosphorus loss to surface waters. Environmental Science Technology 36:5075-5082.

8-Fageria N. K. 2009. The use of nutrients in plants. Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, 430p.

9-Gaind S. 2014. Effect of fungal consortium and animal manure amendments on phosphorus fractions of paddy-straw compost. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, Volume 94, October 2014, Pages 90-97.

10-Gale P. M., Mullen M. D., Cieslik C., Tyler D. D., Duck B. N., Krishner M., and McClure J. 2000. Phosphorus distribution and availability in response to dairy manure applications. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 31:553-565.

11- Ghorbani H. 2007. A review of bio-fertilizers in Iran and their role in protecting the environment and public health. Pages 202 to 217. Iran is the second national conference on ecological agriculture. Gorgan. (in Persian)

12- Jalali M., and Kolahchi Z. 2005. Phosphorus in the soil by adding different amounts of phosphorus in soils of Hamadan province. Journal of Soil and Water Sciences, Volume 19, Number 1.pp 53 to 60. (in Persian)

13- Javid S., and Rowell D.L. 2002. A laboratory study of effect of time and temperature on the decline in Olsen P following phosphate addition to calcareous soils. Soil Use Management 18: 127- 134.

14-Jayadi M., and Baharuddin I. B. 2013. In vitro selection of rock phosphate solubility by microorganism from Ultisols in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 1(4):6873.

15-Karthikeyan K.G., Kalbasi M., and Miller P.S. 2005. Nitrogen and solution dynamics in soils receiving chemically treated dairy manure. Trans. ASAE 48:601-610.

16- Kareem S. O., Akpan I., and Alebiowu O. O. 2010 "Production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger using pineapple waste Malaysian". Journal of Microbiology, Vol 6(2) 2010, pp. 161-165.

17-Khoshgoftarmanesh M.A. 2007. The relative effectiveness of different amounts of phosphorus in corn (Zea mays L), A.H. (2007) Principles of plant nutrition ", printing, Isfahan University Press, 462 p. (in Persian)

18- Kovar JL., and Barber V. 1998. Phosphorus supply characteristics of 33 soils as influenced by seven rates of phosphorus addition. Soil Science Society of American Journal 52: 160-165.

19- Kucey R.M., Janzen H.H., and Leggett M.E. (1989) "Microbially mediated increases in plant-available phosphorus". Advances in Agronomy 42:199-228.

20-Laboski C. A. M., and Lamb J. A. 2003. Changes in soil test phosphorus concentration after application of manure or fertilizer. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 67:544-554.

21-Naryanasamy G., and Biswa D.S. 2006. Rock phosphate enriched compost: An approach to improve low-grade Indian rock phosphate. Bioresource Technology, 97(18):2243-2251.

22- Olsen S. R., Cole C. V., Watanabe F. S., and Dean L. A. (1974)."Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate". United States Department of Agriculture Circular.939: 1-19.

23-Ramaekers L., Remans R., Rao I. M., Blair M. W., and Vanderleyden J. 2010. Strategies for improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency of crop plants: Review. Field Crops Research, Elsevier, pp 1-8.

24- Rees R. M., Ball B. C., Campbell C. D. and Watson C. A. (2001) "Sustainable management of soil organic matter". British Society of Soil Science. CAB pub.

25-Sago C.I., Ando T., Kouno K., and Nagaoka T. 1998. Relative importance of porotons and solution calcium concentration in phosphate rock dissolution by organic acid. Soil Science 44:617-625.

26-Salardini A. 2009. Soil fertility ", Eighth Edition, published by Tehran University, Tehran.

27-Shiv M., Lal S., Sanjay K., Purnima S., Paras N.A., and Rasik R. 2011. Phosphate solubilizing ability of two Arctic Aspergillus Niger strains. Polar Research 30.

28-Stamford N.P., Silva J. A., Freitas A. D. S., and Araujo Filho J. T. 2002. Effect of sulphur inoculated with Acidithiobacillus in a saline soil grown with Leucena and mimosa tree legumes. Bioresource Technology 81: 53-59.

29- Ström L., Owen A.G., Godbold D.L., and Jones D.L. (2005) "Organic acid behaviour in a calcareous soil implications for rhizosphere nutrient cycling". Soil Biol. Biochem. 37: 2046–2054.

30-Sundara B., Natarayan V., and Hari K. 2001. Influence of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on soil available Pstatus and sugarcane development on a tropical Vertisol. Proc. Interaction Soc. Sugarcane Technol. 24: 47-51.

31-Vance C., Uhde-Stone C., and Allan D.L. 2003. Phosphorus acquisition and use: Critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytol. 157: 423-447.

32-Whalen J. K., and Chang C. 2002. Phosphorus sorption capacities of calcareous soils receiving cattle manure applications for 25 years. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 33:1011-1026.

33-Xiao C., Zhang H., Fang Y., and Chi R. 2013. Evaluation for rock phosphate solubilization in fermentation and soil–plant system using a stress-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing Aspergillus Niger WHAK1. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 169(1): 123-133.

34-Zeroual Y., Chadghan R., Hakam A., and Kossir A. 2012. Biosolubilization of Mineral Insoluble Phosphates by Immobilized Fungi (Aspergillus Niger) in Fluidized Bed Bioreactor. J Biotechnol Biomaterial 2012, S6.