تأثیر آرسنیک بر غلظت های فسفر، آهن، روی و منگنز در خاک و گیاه ذرت

آب و خاک

مقاله 6، دوره 31، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 52، خرداد 1396، صفحه 627-643   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i2.55951

نویسندگان

طاهره منصوری^{* 1}؛ احمد گلچین¹؛ محمد بابا اکبری ساری²

¹دانشگاه زنجان

²زنجان

چکیده

آلودگی خاک و آب‌های زیرزمینی توسط آرسنیک رو به گسترش و نگران‌کننده است و سبب ورود آن به بخش‌های مختلف گیاهان می‌شود. به‌دلیل نقش بسیار مهم ذرت در تغذیه انسان، بررسی نحوه جذب، انتقال و تجمع آرسنیک در بخش‌های مختلف این گیاه بسیار مهم است و پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی پاسخ ذرت به وجود آرسنیک در محیط رشد و تاثیر آرسنیک بر غلظت فسفر، آهن، روی و منگنز در این گیاه انجام شد. بدین منظور یک آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 6 سطح عنصر آرسنیک (0، 6، 12، 24، 48 و 96 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم خاک) با 3 تکرار در گلخانه اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت کل آرسنیک در خاک، غلظت آرسنیک قابل جذب خاک و غلظت آرسنیک ریشه و بخش هوایی ذرت افزایش و رشد آن کاهش یافت. بیشترین غلظت آرسنیک ریشه و بخش هوایی به‌ترتیب 4/383 و 56/59 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم بود که سبب کاهش وزن خشک این اندام‌ها به‌ترتیب به مقادیر 94/95 و 22/95 درصد شد. افزایش غلظت آرسنیک خاک سبب افزایش غلظت فسفر و کاهش غلظت آهن، روی و منگنز قابل جذب خاک، افزایش غلظت فسفر ریشه و کاهش غلظت آن در بخش هوایی شد، همچنین سبب کاهش غلظت آهن و روی و افزایش غلظت منگنز ریشه و بخش هوایی گیاه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آلودگی؛ غلظت عناصر غذایی؛ وزن خشک گیاه

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