مطالعه وضعیت پتاسیم و ارزیابی عصاره گیرهای شیمیایی برای استخراج پتاسیم قابل جذب در برخی خاک های زیتون کاری استان فارس

آب و خاک

مقاله 1، دوره 31، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 53، مرداد 1396، صفحه 835-845   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v31i3.54445

نویسندگان

مهری احراری¹؛ حمیدرضا اولیایی^{* 1}؛ ابراهیم ادهمی¹؛ مهدی نجفی قیری²

¹دانشگاه یاسوج

²دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی داراب

چکیده

پتاسیم یکی از عناصر ضروری برای تغذیه گیاهان می‌باشد و از نظر فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی از مهمترین کاتیون‌ها در گیاهان محسوب می‌شود. بنابراین، آگاهی از وضعیت پتاسیم در مدیریت تغذیه گیاهان از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. تحقیق حاضر به منظور ارزیابی تعدادی عصاره‌گیر معمول برای استخراج پتاسیم قابل استفاده گیاه زیتون در خاک‌های استان فارس انجام گرفته است. بدین منظور 26 نمونه خاک از 13 باغ شاخص زیتون در دو عمق 30-0 و 60-30 سانتی‌متری برداشت شد. عصاره‌گیرهای مورد استفاده برای عصاره‌گیری پتاسیم شامل کلرید سدیم 1 و 2 مولار، کلرید کلسیم 01/0 مولار، مورگان، بیکربنات آمونیم-DTPA، استات آمونیم 1 و 25/0 مولار، استات سدیم 1 مولار، اسید نیتریک 1/0 و 1 مولار، اسید کلریدریک 2 مولار و اسید سولفوریک 025/0 مولار می‌باشد. پتاسیم عصاره‌گیری شده توسط همه عصاره‌گیرها دارای رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری در سطح 1 درصد بودند. بیشترین همبستگی مشاهده شده بین پتاسیم عصاره‌گیری شده توسط استات آمونیم 1 مولار و استات آمونیم 25/0 مولار بود. از بین عصاره-گیرهای مورد بررسی، کلرید سدیم 2 مولار، استات آمونیم 25/0 مولار و استات سدیم 1 مولار و بیکربنات آمونیم-DTPA، بیشترین همبستگی را با پتاسیم برگ زیتون داشتند. به نظر می‌رسد در خاک‌های مورد مطالعه عصاره‌گیرهای کلرید سدیم 2 مولار، استات آمونیم 25/0 مولار و استات سدیم در مقایسه با سایر عصاره‌گیرهای مورد بررسی، به دلیل همبستگی بیشتر، سادگی روش و اقتصادی بودن مناسب‌تر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استات آمونیم؛ پتاسیم قابل استفاده؛ کلرید سدیم؛ مدیریت تغذیه

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