تأثیر نوع و منبع کود مصرفی بر توزیع عناصر غذایی در برگ و میوه کیوی

آب و خاک

مقاله 3، دوره 32، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 57، فروردین 1397، صفحه 59-72   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v32i1.63419

نویسندگان

فاطمه حسن زاده نارنج‌بنی¹؛ رضا ابراهیمی گسکرئی^{* 1}؛ بیژن مرادی²؛ طاهره رئیسی²

¹دانشگاه گیلان

²پژوهشکده مرکبات و میوه‌های نیمه‌گرمسیری

چکیده

انتخاب نوع و منبع کود در تغذیه درختان میوه نقش مهمی در افزایش عملکرد و بهبود کیفیت میوه‌ تولیدی دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات کوتاه مدت چهار نوع کود آلی شامل آزولا‏، آزوکمپوست، کود گاوی و ورمی‌کمپوست و نیز کود شیمیایی کامل و تیمار بدون کود، در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در مجموع با شش تیمار و چهار تکرار بر توزیع عناصر غذایی در برگ و میوه کیوی و ارتباط آن با عملکرد انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم در برگ و میوه کیوی در تیمارهای کودی نسبت به تیمار بدون کود بیشتر بود و مقدار این عناصر در برگ و میوه در تیمارهای کودی در وضعیت بهینه قرار داشت. تیمار آزوکمپوست در بین تیمارهای کودی، بیشترین افزایش مقدار نیتروژن (57/2 درصد) و کلسیم (39/3 درصد) را در برگ نشان داد. در تجزیه همبستگی ارتباط معنی‌دار بین نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم برگ با نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم میوه به ترتیبب*76/0، *69/0 و *71/0 بدست آمد. همچنین در معادله رگرسیون گام به گام بین عملکرد تیمارها با مقادیر هر یک از عناصر نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم در برگ و میوه ارتباط مستقیم وجود داشت. در مجموع مصرف کودهای آلی در خاک باغ کیوی موجب افزایش مقدار عناصر غذایی در برگ و میوه کیوی شد. با توجه به آبشویی کودهای شیمیایی و مشکلات زیست محیطی ناشی از مصرف این کودها، می‌توان از کودهای آلی بررسی شده در این مطالعه مانند ورمی‌کمپوست و آزوکمپوست در باغات کیوی به منظور تولید میوه در شمال کشور استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رگرسیون گام به گام؛ کود آلی؛ کود شیمیایی

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