برآورد غلظت زمینه‏ای عناصر کمیاب سمی و اثر عملیات زراعی بر توزیع انباشت و بار آلودگی در خاک دشت بروجن- فرادمبه

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 58، خرداد 1397، صفحه 283-298   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.29534

نویسندگان

حبیب اله بیگی هرچگانی^* ؛ سمیرا احمدزاده؛ سمیرا حشمتی

دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

غلظت کل سرب، کبالت، نیکل، کادمیوم، کروم و جیوه در خاک سطحی اراضی بایر، تحت کشاورزی مرسوم و تحت کاربرد پساب شهری اندازه‏گیری؛ و غلظت و حد زمینه‏ای، توزیع انباشت عناصر، و بار آلودگی تعیین شد. غلظت زمینه‏ای نیکل، کادمیوم، کرومیوم، جیوه، کبالت، سرب به ترتیب 13/1، 16/0، 56/1، 09/0، 80/0، و 52/1 و حد آن‏ها به ترتیب 3/1، 28/0، 6/1، 16/0، 9/0، و 7/1 میلی‏گرم بر گرم تعیین شد. کشاورزی مرسوم انباشت کادمیوم و سرب در خاک را به ترتیب به 7/1 و 9/1 افزایش داده (۵/۰>p)، تمایل به افزایش کبالت، نیکل و جیوه‏ی از واحد به 2/1 خاک داشته ولی انباشت کروم را از واحد به 8/0 کاهش داده است (۵/۰

کلیدواژه‌ها

کشاورزی مرسوم؛ کشاورزی با پساب؛ کود شیمیایی؛ آفت‏کش؛ نقشه؛ پهنه ‏بندی

مراجع

1- Ahmadzadeh S. 2012. The concentration and distribution of some heavy metals in plain Borujen-Faradonbeh: The effect of usage the sewage on distribution in soil and tissue concentrations of some crops. Master's Thesis. Department of Soil Science, University of Shahrekord. 130 pp.

2- American Public Health Association. 2012. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 22nd edition.

3- Angulo E. 1996. The Tomlinson pollution load index applied to heavy metal, mussel-watch data: a useful index to assess coastal pollution. The Science of the Total Environment, 187:19-56.

4- Azimzadeh B., and Khademi H. 2013. Stimate of baceline concentration for assessment of some heavy metals pollution in surface soils in part of mazandaran province. Journal of Soil and Water of Mashhad. 27(3): 548-559.

5- Beigi H., and Banitalebi G. 2013. Effect of 23 years surface irrigation with urban sewage on accumulation Some of heavy metal in soil, Transfer to the wheat and corn beans and related health risks. Journal of Soil and Water of Mashhad, 27(3): 570-580.

6- Bahrampour T., Fallahnosratabad A., Shiri M., and Sarvimoghanlou V. 2013. Study of the status of heavy metals (lead, cadmium and nickel) in the moghan soils. Journal of Soil management and sustainable production, 3(1):243-249.

7- Breckenridge R.P., and Crockett A.B. 1998. Determination of inorganic in soils and sediments at hazardous waste sites. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment, 51:621-656.

8- Chen J., Wie F., Wu Y., and Adriano D. 1991. Background concentrations of elements in soils of China. Water air and Soil Pollution, 57-58:699-712.

9- Chen M., Lena Q., Ma C., Hoogeweg G., and Harris W.G. 2001. Arsenic Background concentrations in Florida, U.S.A. surface Soils: Determination and interpretation. Environmental Forensics, 2:117 – 126.

10- Chen Z-F., Zhao Y., Zhu Y., Yang X., Qiao J., Tianc Q., and Zhang Q. 2010. Health risks of heavy metals in sewage-irrigated soils and edible seeds in Langfang of Hebei province, China. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture, 90(2): 314-320.

11- De Temmerman L., Vanongeval L., Boon W., Hoenig M., and Geypens M. 2003. Heavy metal content of arable soils in northern Belgium. Water, Air and Soil pollution, 148:61-76.

12- ESRI Inc. 2008. ArcMapTM. Version 9.3. www.esri.com.

13- FAO/WHO.1984. List of contaminants and their maximum levels in foods. Codex Alimentarius Commission. Available at http://www.codexalimentarius.org. visited on 10 November 2012.

14- Hakanson L. 1980. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: a sedimentological approach. Water Research, 14:975-1001.

15- Huang P.M., and Iskandar I.K. 2000. Soils and groundwater pollution and remediation. Lewis Publishers. Washington DC 386 pages.

16- Iran Environmental Protection Organization. 1999. Privacy and environmental standards. environmental protection agency publications. 350 pp.

17- Kabata-Pendias A. 2011. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants. 4th edition. CRC Press.

18- Khan S., Cao Q., Zheng Y.M., Huang Y.Z., and Zhu Y.G. 2008. Health risks of heavy metals in contaminated soils and food crops irrigated with wastewater in Beijing, China. Environmental Pollution, 152:686-692.

19- Klute A. (Ed.). 1986. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. 2nd edition. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI.

20- Maas S., Scheifler R., Benslama M., Crini N., Lucot E., Brahmia Z., Benyacoub S., and Giraudoux P. 2010. Spatial distribution of heavy metal concentrations in urban, suburban and agricultural soils in a Mediterranean city of Algeria. Environmental Pollution, 158:2294-2301.

21- Mirsal I. 2004. Soil Pollution. Springer, 252 pages.

22- Moradmand M., and Beigi H. 2009. Treated municipal filtered wastewater irrigation effect on pb and Ni disribiution in the organ of green pepper. Journal of Iran Water Research, 3(5):63-70.

23- Moradmand M., and Beigi Harchegani H. 2011. Treated municipal wastewater irrigation effect on lead content and health risks of nickel in soil and pepper in Shahrekord, Iran. Desalination and Water Treatment, 28(1-3):42-45.

24- Sedaghat M. A. 1999. Geology map of Boroujen, scale 1:100000. Iran geology organization.

25- Sparks D.L. (Ed.). 1996. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI.

26- Sparks D.L. 2003. Environmental Soil Chemistry, 2nd edition. Academic Press.

27- StatSoft Inc. 2011. STATISTICA (data analysis software system). Version 12. www.statsoft.com.

28- Su Y., and Yang R. 2008. Background concentrations of elements in surface soils and their changes as affected by agriculture use in the desert-oasis Ecotone in the middle of Heihe River Basin, North-West China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 98:57–64.

29- Taghipour M., Khademi H., and ayoubi S.H. 2010. Spatial variation of the concentration of Pb and Zn in surface soil and it s relation with parent material and use type in part of hamedan province. Journal of Soil and Water (agriculture s science and industry), 24(1): 132-144.

30- Tomlinson D.L., Wilson J.G., Hariss C.R., and Jeffrey D.W. 1980. Problems in the assessment of heavy metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index. Helgol. Meeresunters, 55:566-575.

31- Tume E., Bech J., Longan L., Tume L., Reverter F. and Sepulveda B. 2006. Trace elements in natural surface soils in Saint Climent (Catalonia, Spain). Ecological engineering, 27:145–152.

32- Yan X., Zhang F., Gao D., Zeng C., Xiang W., and Zhang M. 2013. Accumulations of Heavy Metals in Roadside Soils Close to Zhaling, Eling and Nam Co Lakes in the Tibetan Plateau. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10:2384-2400.

33- Zahedi M., and Samadanian M. 1976. Geology map of riz & lenjan, scale 1:100000. Iran geology organization.

34- Zhang X.P., Deng W., and Yang X.M. 2002. The background concentrations of 13 soil trace elements and their relationships to parent materials and vegetation in Xizang (Tibet), China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 21:167–174.