اثر تغییر کاربری اراضی بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و زیستی خاک منطقه‌ سروک، شهرستان یاسوج

آب و خاک

مقاله 8، دوره 32، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 59، شهریور 1397، صفحه 587-599   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v32i3.71746

نویسندگان

فاطمه مهماندوست؛ حمیدرضا اولیایی^* ؛ ابراهیم ادهمی؛ رضا نقی ها

دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

تغییر کاربری اراضی از قبیل تغییر جنگل به اراضی تحت کشت به طور معنی‌د‌اری می‌تواند بر خصوصیات خاک تأثیر گذاشته و فرآیندهای تشکیل خاک را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. از آن‏جایی که تغییر کاربری جنگل‌های زاگرس روند رو به رشدی دارد، به منظور بررسی اثرات این تغییر کاربری‌ها بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکوشیمیایی و زیستی خاک در منطقه سروک شهرستان یاسوج، از سه کاربری جنگل متراکم، جنگل تخریب شده و زراعت دیم، 5 نمونه خاک سطحی (20-0 سانتی‌متر) برداشت و پژوهش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. آزمایش‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی بر روی نمونه‌های خاک انجام شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین داده‌های به دست آمده از سه کاربری نشان داد که به دنبال تغییر کاربری اراضی جنگلی، مقادیر هدایت الکتریکی (40 درصد)، ماده‌ آلی (74 درصد)، نیتروژن کل (75 درصد)، پتاسیم قابل دسترس (49 درصد)، تنفس پایه (76 درصد)، تنفس برانگیخته (74 درصد)، جمعیت قارچ (11 درصد)، آنزیم‌های اسید فسفاتاز (55 درصد) و آلکالین فسفاتاز (47 درصد) در کاربری زراعی کاهش یافتند. این در حالی است که جمعیت باکتری در کاربری زراعی افزایش یافت (8 درصد). مقدار فسفر قابل جذب تفاوت معنی‌داری را نشان نداد. به طور کلی می‌توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که در پی تخریب جنگل و تغییر کاربری، ماده آلی خاک و شاخص‌های مرتبط با آن به خصوص ویژگی‌های زیستی به میزان بیشتری تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم‌های خاک؛ جمعیت قارچ؛ خاک جنگلی؛ عناصر خاک

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