تاثیر کمپوست بقایای هرس درختان بر برخی شاخص‌های میکروبیولوژیکی یک خاک آهکی در حضور میکوریز در شرایط رایزوباکس

آب و خاک

مقاله 10، دوره 32، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 62، زمستان 1397، صفحه 1165-1177  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v32i5.71736

نویسندگان

رقیه واحدی ¹؛ میر حسن رسولی صدقیانی²؛ محسن برین²

¹دانشگاه ارومیه

²ارومیه

چکیده

با توجه به کمبود مواد آلی در اغلب خاک­های ایران، بقایای هرس درختان میوه یکی از منابع مهم مواد آلی خاک به شمار می­روند که با تبدیل شدن به کمپوست به همراه تلقیح میکوریزی می­تواند از راهکارهای افزایش خصوصیات میکروبیولوژیک در خاک­های آهکی ­باشد. از این رو، در این پژوهش تاثیر کمپوست حاصل از بقایای هرس درختان میوه در حضور تلقیح میکوریزی بر برخی شاخص­های میکروبیولوژیکی یک خاک آهکی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل با طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه­ای در رایزوباکس اجرا گردید. فاکتورها شامل منابع آلی (کمپوست بقایای هرس، بقایای هرس و شاهد بدون ماده آلی) و خاک (خاک ریزوسفر و غیرریزوسفر) در شرایط تلقیح میکوریزی بودند. پس از پایان دوره رشد گیاه گندم، کربن آلی (OC)، کربن زیست توده میکروبی (MBC)، فسفر زیست توده میکروبی ((MBP، کسر متابولیکی (qCO2)، بهر میکروبی (MBC/OC) و شاخص قابلیت دسترسی به کربن (CAI)، فعالیت آنزیم­های فسفومنواستراز اسیدی (ACP) و قلیایی (ALP) و نیز درصد کلنیزاسیون میکوریزی ریشه در خاک­های ریزوسفری و غیرریزوسفری تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کمپوست باعث افزایش OC، MBC، MBP و کاهش MBC/MBP نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. به طوریکه کمپوست بقایای هرسOC،  MBCوMBP را به ترتیب 08/8، 79/46 و 18/37 درصد در خاک ریزوسفر نسبت به غیرریزوسفر افزایش داد. بقایای هرس موجب افزایش 45/1، 26/1 و 3/1 برابری به ترتیب در qCO2،  CAI و ACP در خاک ریزوسفری در مقایسه با غیرریزوسفر شد. در حالی که بیشترین میزان بهر میکروبی در تیمار شاهد بدون ماده آلی بود. همچنین، بیشترین فعالیت ALP و درصد کلنیزاسیون میکوریزی ریشه را کمپوست بقایای هرس در خاک ریزوسفری به خود اختصاص داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بقایای هرس؛ رایزوباکس؛ کیفیت خاک؛ میکوریز

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