بررسی تأثیر پر مرغ، ورمی کمپوست و هومات پتاسیم بر روی خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 65، پاییز 1398، صفحه 417-430  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v0i0.72579

نویسندگان

محمدرضا دلالیان ؛ فاطمه ذبیحی؛ انورالسادات پاک نژاد؛ مینا خوشخوان

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی- واحد تبریز

چکیده

یکی از راهکارهای اصلی بهبود شرایط فیزیکی خاک­های تحت کشت، اضافه کردن اصلاح­کننده­های آلی و معدنی به خاک می­باشد. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر سه نوع ماده اصلاحی شامل هومات­پتاسیم، پرمرغ و ورمی­کمپوست با درصدهای وزنی متفاوت بر روی خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک و در سطوح مختلف رطوبتی در شرایط مزرعه (تحت کشت گندم) اجراء گردید. طرح به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. مواد اصلاح­کننده به طور یکنواخت تا عمق 10 سانتی­متری با خاک مخلوط و تیمارهای رطوبتی اعمال شد. قبل و بعد از آزمایش از کرت­ها نمونه­برداری به عمل آمد. پارامترهای فیزیکی شامل: جرم مخصوص ظاهری (Bd)، رطوبت­های ظرفیت مزرعه­ای (FC) و نقطه پژمردگی دائم (PWP)، پایداری خاکدانه­های مرطوب (WAS)، هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع (KS)، مقاومت فروروی (PR)، شیب منحنی رطوبتی در نقطه عطف (Si)، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانه­ها (MWD) و بعد فراکتالی جرمی خاکدانه­ها (Dm) محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد مصرف مواد­آلی موجب کاهش Bd (89%) و افزایش FC ،PWP (87% و 91% ) Ks و WAS (7/3 و 5/2 برابر) می­گردد. با افزایش سطوح رطوبتی و مقدار ماده­آلی بخصوص هومات­پتاسیم، میزان Si کاهش یافت (101%). PR با افزایش سطوح رطوبتی کاهش یافت. بر خلاف انتظار با افزایش میزان ماده­آلی،Dm  و MWD کاهش یافت. مواد آلی در زمان­های طولانی­تر و در رطوبت­های بالا موجب بهبود پایداری خاکدانه­ها می­گردد. با توجه به تأثیر مثبت مواد آلی بر بسیاری از پارامترهای فیزیکی خاک، این مواد بخصوص پرمرغ بعلت ارزان‌تر و دردسترس بودن، برای اصلاح خاک­ها پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرمرغ؛ خصوصیات فیزیکی؛ گندم، مواد اصلاح کننده؛ ورمی کمپوست؛ هومات پتاسیم

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