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توانسنجی کشت درخت انگور در ایران براساس شرایط اقلیمی | ||
آب و خاک | ||
مقاله 11، دوره 33، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 68، اسفند 1398، صفحه 923-942 اصل مقاله (1.68 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v33i6.74900 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
طیبه شجاعی1؛ غلامعباس فلاح قالهری* 1؛ عبدالرضا کاشکی2 | ||
1دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری | ||
2. | ||
چکیده | ||
با توجه به کمبود منابع آبی در کشور و دگرگونی اقلیمی، شناخت نواحی مستعد کشت درختان میوه براساس شرایط اقلیمی به منظور استفاده بهینه حائز اهمیت است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف توانسنجی شرایط اقلیمی ایران برای کشت درخت انگور کشمشی براساس تکنیکهای چند معیاره و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی بررسی شده است. در این راستا از آمار 200 ایستگاه هواشناسی عمده در سطح کشور در مقیاسهای زمانی ساعتی، روزانه و ماهانه برای تعیین لایههای اطلاعاتی زیر معیارهای اقلیمی استفاده شد. آستانههای رشد و نمو درخت انگور براساس مطالعات کتابخانهای مشخص شد. برای تعیین انباشت سرمایی مناطق مختلف کشور از مدل ساعات سرمایی CH استفاده شد. در ادامه با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، معیارها و زیرمعیارهای اقلیمی لازم تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که انباشت سرمایی دوره رکود که نیاز سرمایی را برطرف میکند، مهمترین زیر معیار اقلیمی برای سنجش قابلیتهای کشت درخت انگور محسوب میشود. همچنین در ایران 42195637.8 هکتار دارای قابلیت نامناسب و 42721336.2 دارای قابلیت ضعیف و 75492510 هکتار از قابلیت مناسب برای کشت انگور در گستره ایران برخوردار میباشد. مناطق مناسب کشت درخت انگور منطبق بر دامنههای مناطق کوهستانی و نسبتاً مرتفع در نیمه غربی، شمال غرب، شمال شرق و مناطق پراکنده مرکز، شرق و جنوب شرق قرار دارد. محدوده مناسب کشت درختان انگور 42 درصد از سطح مساحت کشور را شامل میشود. نتایج و دستاوردهای مطالعه حاضر به عنوان الگویی برای کشت درختان خزان کننده سردسیر بر مبنای توان اقلیمی و جغرافیایی در جهت استفاده بهینه از منابع طبیعی حائز اهمیت میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ایران؛ توان سنجی؛ درخت انگور؛ شرایط اقلیمی | ||
مراجع | ||
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